How Can I Access External Variables in PHP Closures When Using Laravel's `where` Clauses?

Utilizing PHP Closure with External Variables

When using Laravel's advanced where clauses, it becomes necessary to pass external variables into closure functions. The default syntax involves creating a new property and accessing it through $this. However, the use keyword provides a more convenient solution.

By using use, you can declare the variables you need within the closure's scope. For instance:

DB::table('users')->where(function ($query) use ($activated) {
    $query->where('activated', '=', $activated);
})->get();

This approach allows you to directly reference the $activated variable inside the closure.

Enhanced Syntax with PHP 7.4

In PHP 7.4, arrow functions offer a concise alternative to anonymous functions. Here's an example using arrow functions:

DB::table('users')->where(fn($query) => $query->where('activated', '=', $activated))->get();

However, keep in mind that arrow functions are slightly different from regular functions:

• They automatically capture variables from the parent scope.
• They always return a value, eliminating the need for the return keyword.
• They must be a single expression with no curly braces.

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