How to Manage MySQL Transactions in PHP and Handle Errors?

PHP Transactions with MySQL

Transactions are crucial in database operations to ensure data integrity. However, implementing them can be confusing, especially when dealing with PHP and MySQL.

Question:

How can I use MySQL transactions within a PHP file and handle potential failures?

Answer:

PHP's PDO (PHP Data Objects) library provides a standardized interface for interacting with various database systems, including MySQL. Using PDO, you can effectively work with transactions in your PHP code.

The general approach for using transactions with PDO is as follows:

try {
    // Begin transaction
    $db->beginTransaction();

    // Execute queries
    $stmt1 = $db->query('query 1');
    $stmt2 = $db->query('query 2');

    // Check if all queries were successful
    if ($stmt1 && $stmt2) {
        // Commit transaction
        $db->commit();
    } else {
        // Rollback transaction
        $db->rollback();
    }
} catch (\Throwable $e) {
    // Handle error
    $db->rollback();
    throw $e;
}

Additional Notes:

• Ensure that PDO is configured to throw exceptions for query failures.
• Transactions can only encompass a specific set of queries. Queries outside the transaction will not be affected by it.

Regarding your question about automatically failing queries if one query fails, this is not possible using a PHP function or code placed in a header file. Transactions require explicit specification of which queries to execute within them.

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