How to Efficiently Escape HTML Symbols in Java?

How to Escape HTML Symbols in Java Without Manual Replacement

When rendering HTML in pure Java code, it's crucial to escape certain characters to prevent them from being interpreted as HTML tags. Manually replacing these characters, as shown in your example, can be tedious and error-prone.

Thankfully, there's a more efficient solution: StringEscapeUtils from Apache Commons Lang.

Using StringEscapeUtils

To escape HTML symbols with StringEscapeUtils, simply import the following static methods:

• escapeHtml for Apache Commons Lang 2
• escapeHtml4 for Apache Commons Lang 3

Your code can then be simplified to:

// Apache Commons Lang 2
import static org.apache.commons.lang.StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml;

String source = "The less than sign (<) and ampersand (&amp;) must be escaped before using them in HTML";
String escaped = escapeHtml(source);

// Apache Commons Lang 3
import static org.apache.commons.lang3.StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml4;

String escaped = escapeHtml4(source);

StringEscapeUtils handles character escaping for you, ensuring that your HTML output is safe and well-formed.

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