How to Send Firebase Cloud Messaging Notifications Directly from Your Server?

Sending Firebase Cloud Messaging Notifications Without the Firebase Console

Firebase Cloud Messaging provides a versatile platform for sending notifications to Android devices. While the Firebase User Console offers a convenient interface, there may be scenarios where developers prefer to integrate notifications into their own server-side applications.

API-Based Notification Sending

Firebase Cloud Messaging offers a REST API that allows developers to send notifications directly from their servers. This approach provides greater flexibility and customization options.

Step-by-step Instructions:

1. Generate an Authorization Token: To make API calls to Firebase Cloud Messaging, you must first obtain an authorization token. This process is documented in Google's guide on authorizing send requests.
2. Compose the Request: Once you have the authorization token, you can compose an HTTP POST request to the Firebase Cloud Messaging API endpoint: https://fcm.googleapis.com/v1/projects/{projectId}/messages:send

3. Request Body: The request body should contain the following data:

   • "message":

     • "notification": the notification message to be displayed on the device
     • "token": the device registration token (obtained from the Firebase SDK on the device)

4. Headers: The request headers should include:

   • "Authorization": the authorization token
   • "Content-Type": "application/json"
5. Send the Request: Use a tool like curl or a programming language library to send the request to the API endpoint.

Example Curl Request:

curl -X POST -H "Authorization: Bearer ya29.ElqKBGN2Ri_Uz...HnS_uNreA" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
    "message":{
       "notification":{
         "title":"FCM Message",
         "body":"This is an FCM Message"
       },
       "token":"bk3RNwTe3H0:CI2k_HHwgIpoDKCIZvvDMExUdFQ3P1..."
    }}' \
    https://fcm.googleapis.com/v1/projects/myproject-b5ae1/messages:send

By following these steps, you can successfully send Firebase Cloud Messaging notifications from your own server without using the Firebase User Console.

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