Why Am I Getting MySQL Error 1045: Access Denied for User 'bill' Even with the Correct Password?

Resolving MySQL Error 1045: Access Denied for User 'bill' Using Password

When attempting to connect to a MySQL database as the user 'bill' with the correct password, you may encounter Error 1045: Access denied for user 'bill'@'localhost'. This error typically occurs due to the existence of an anonymous user ('') with a matching host specifier ('localhost').

MySQL resolves authentication conflicts by sorting through user rows in order of host specificity, with literal host names and IP addresses being the most specific. Consequently, an anonymous user specification ('@'localhost') can take precedence over a more specific user specification ('bill'@'%'), leading to the access denied error.

Solution:

To resolve this issue, it is recommended to remove the anonymous user ('') with the matching host**. This can be done using the following command:

DROP USER '';

Once the anonymous user is removed, the authentication should succeed when connecting as 'bill'@'%' with the correct password.

Additional Considerations:

• Authenticating as 'bill'@'%' through a socket is possible, as it overrides the host specification in the user table. However, connecting through TCP with a literal host name or IP address will still be subject to the same authentication rules.
• If there are multiple anonymous users with the same host specifier, the first matching entry in the sorted user list will be used for authentication.
• It is important to note that default MySQL installations often have an anonymous user with no password, which should be secured or removed for security purposes.

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