Why Does mysqli_connect Fail with 'Authentication Method Unknown (caching_sha2_password)'?

mysqli_connect Error: Authentication Method Unknown (caching_sha2_password)

When attempting to authenticate with MySQL using mysqli_connect, you may encounter the error:

mysqli_connect(): The server requested authentication method unknown to the client [caching_sha2_password]

This error occurs when the MySQL Server's default authentication plugin is set to caching_sha2_password, which is incompatible with certain user account configurations.

Troubleshooting:

To resolve this issue, two solutions are available:

1. Alter User Authentication Plugin:

   Run the following SQL command to change the authentication plugin for the affected user:

   ALTER USER 'username'@'hostname' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';

   Replace username and hostname with the appropriate values for your user.

2. Modify MySQL Server Ini File:

   Edit the MySQL Server's ini file (my.ini or my.cnf) and change the default_authentication_plugin setting to mysql_native_password:

   [mysqld]
   default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

   Restart the MySQL Server after making the change.

Additional Tips:

• If you are creating a new user, use the following command with mysql_native_password authentication:

  CREATE USER 'username'@'hostname' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';

• Grant the necessary privileges to the user after altering the authentication plugin or modifying the Server ini file.

By following these steps, you can successfully authenticate with MySQL using mysqli_connect even when the caching_sha2_password authentication plugin is enabled.

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