How to Share Helper Packages Between Go Cloud Functions Without Public Publication?

Sub-Packages in Go on Google Cloud Functions

Question:

How can you utilize helper packages within a Go Cloud Function while ensuring they're accessible across multiple functions within the same project (without publishing them publicly)?

Answer:

Embracing Go modules, Go's advanced dependency management system, offers an effective solution for working with sub-packages. Modules enable you to operate outside of GOPATH and precisely manage the versions of your dependencies.

Crucially, modules allow the definition of Go package groups with a consistent import path prefix. Within your Cloud Function, you can leverage this feature to import other packages within your module.

It's important to note that your deployed function should reside at the root of your module. Consider the following file structure as an example:

.
├── cmd
│   └── main.go # For testing purposes, can import and configure your function.
├── function.go # Imports "example.com/foo/helperpackage"
├── function_test.go
├── go.mod # Module "example.com/foo"
└── helperpackage
    └── helper.go

In this setup, your function resides in function.go and is tested by function_test.go. These components belong to the module "example.com/foo," and function.go can import "example.com/foo/helperpackage."

Additionally, a cmd directory facilitates local testing. By importing "example.com/foo," you can initialize an HTTP server that handles requests utilizing your function handler. The following code sample illustrates this approach:

package main

import (
    "log"
    "net/http"

    "example.com/foo"
)

func main() {
    http.Handle("/HelloHTTP", foo.HelloHTTP)
    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil))
}

While using a vendor directory can achieve a similar outcome, sub-packages would need to be individually copied into the vendor directory (using their full import path), making maintenance cumbersome. As such, this approach is not commonly employed for sub-packages.

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