How to Read and Write Non-UTF-8 Encoded Text Files in Go?

Reading and Writing Non-UTF-8 Text Files in Go

Background

By default, the standard library in Go assumes that text files are encoded in UTF-8. However, there are scenarios where you may encounter text files encoded in different encodings, such as GBK.

Solution

To read and write non-UTF-8 text files in Go, you can use the following steps:

Reading Non-UTF-8 Files

1. Import the necessary package: import "golang.org/x/text/encoding/simplifiedchinese"
   This package provides GB18030, GBK, and HZ-GB2312 encoding implementations.

2. Create an io.Reader using transform.NewReader:

   f, err := os.Open(filename)
   if err != nil {
       log.Fatal(err)
   }
   r := transform.NewReader(f, simplifiedchinese.GBK.NewDecoder())

Writing Non-UTF-8 Files

1. Import the same package: import "golang.org/x/text/encoding/simplifiedchinese"

2. Create an io.Writer using transform.NewWriter:

   f, err := os.Create(filename)
   if err != nil {
       log.Fatal(err)
   }
   w := transform.NewWriter(f, simplifiedchinese.GBK.NewEncoder())

Example

The following example shows how to read and write a GBK-encoded text file:

import (
    "bufio"
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "os"

    "golang.org/x/text/encoding/simplifiedchinese"
    "golang.org/x/text/transform"
)

func main() {
    const filename = "example_GBK_file"
    exampleWriteGBK(filename)
    exampleReadGBK(filename)
}

func exampleReadGBK(filename string) {
    f, err := os.Open(filename)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    r := transform.NewReader(f, simplifiedchinese.GBK.NewDecoder())

    sc := bufio.NewScanner(r)
    for sc.Scan() {
        fmt.Printf("Read line: %s\n", sc.Bytes())
    }
    if err := sc.Err(); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
}

func exampleWriteGBK(filename string) {
    f, err := os.Create(filename)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    w := transform.NewWriter(f, simplifiedchinese.GBK.NewEncoder())

    // Write some text from the Wikipedia GBK page that includes Chinese
    _, err = fmt.Fprintln(w,
        `In 1995, China National Information Technology Standardization
Technical Committee set down the Chinese Internal Code Specification
(Chinese: 汉字内码扩展规范（GBK）; pinyin: Hànzì Nèimǎ
Kuòzhǎn Guīfàn (GBK)), Version 1.0, known as GBK 1.0, which is a
slight extension of Codepage 936. The newly added 95 characters were not
found in GB 13000.1-1993, and were provisionally assigned Unicode PUA
code points.`)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
}

This code opens a GBK-encoded text file, reads its contents, and writes them to another GBK-encoded text file.

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