How Do I Connect to a Docker MySQL Container from My Host Machine?

Connecting to a Docker MySQL Container from the Host

Problem:

Establishing a connection to a MySQL instance running within a Docker container from the host system is proving unsuccessful, resulting in error 2002.

Dockerfile Details:

The Dockerfile employed includes the following configuration:

FROM ubuntu:14.04.3
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y mysql-server
RUN grep -v bind-address /etc/mysql/my.cnf > temp.txt && mv temp.txt /etc/mysql/my.cnf
EXPOSE 3306
CMD /etc/init.d/mysql start && tail -F /var/log/mysql.log

While the image initializes without issue, attempts to connect from the host using the command mysql -P 12345 -uroot result in the aforementioned error.

Solution:

Connection Specification:

To connect to the MySQL instance within the Docker container, it is necessary to provide the correct parameters when invoking the mysql command from the host:

mysql -h localhost -P 3306 --protocol=tcp -u root

Here, -h localhost specifies the host, -P 3306 designates the port (in this case, 12345), and --protocol=tcp indicates that the connection should be established via TCP/IP rather than a socket connection.

Socket Limitations:

Within the Docker container, MySQL binds to all network interfaces, excluding localhost. Since the host system cannot access the socket, it is essential to use TCP/IP for communication. By specifying --protocol=tcp in the mysql command, the connection establishes successfully through port 3306.

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