Constructor vs. Declaration: Where Should I Initialize My Java Variables?

Choosing Variable Initialization: Constructor vs. Declaration

When initializing variables in Java, developers can choose between initializing within the constructor or outside the constructor. This question explores the pros and cons of each approach.

Inside Constructor (Style 1):

<br>public class ME {</p>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">private int i;

public ME() {
     this.i = 100;
}

}

Outside Constructor (Style 2):

<br>public class ME {</p>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">private int i = 100;

public ME() {
}

}

Recommended Convention:

The recommended convention, as stated in the accepted answer, is Style 2 (initialization within the declaration). This style offers the following advantages:

• Clear Initialization: The initialization value is immediately visible when reading the variable declaration.
• Constructor Consistency: Initializations are consistent across all constructors, reducing the risk of omission or repetition.

Exceptions to the Convention:

Of course, there are exceptions where Style 1 is more suitable:

• When different constructors initialize the variable with different values or based on calculations.
• For variables that are manipulated before the constructor is called (e.g., via a static block).

In general, Style 2 should be used whenever possible to enhance code readability and maintainability.

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