How to Achieve Smooth Object Movement in PyGame with Floating-Point Velocity?

PyGame Rect Movement Limitations

In PyGame, the rect object, which represents an area on the screen, only allows integral data for coordinates. This limitation can lead to jerky object movement when using floating-point values for velocity.

Solution: Separate Position Storage and Rect Update

To overcome this limitation, one can store the object's position using floating-point variables while synchronizing the rect object by rounding the coordinates and updating its location accordingly. This approach ensures accurate object movement while retaining the integral values required by the rect object.

Implementation

For example, in the code below, the RedObject stores its position in the rect object directly, leading to inaccurate movement. The GreenObject, however, stores its position separately and updates the rect object by rounding the coordinates:

class RedObject(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def update(self, window_rect):
        self.rect.centerx += self.move.x * 2
        self.rect.centery += self.move.y * 2

class GreenObject(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def update(self, window_rect):
        self.pos += self.move * 2
        self.rect.center = round(self.pos.x), round(self.pos.y)

By separating position storage and rect update, the GreenObject achieves smooth, fluid movement even when using floating-point values for velocity.

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