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How Can I Optimize MySQL LOAD DATA INFILE Performance for Large Data Imports?

Patricia ArquetteOriginal: 2024-11-07 19:01:02206browse

Optimizing MySQL LOAD DATA INFILE Performance

When importing large amounts of data into MySQL tables using the LOAD DATA INFILE command, performance can be a significant concern. One challenge that arises is the tradeoff between importing without keys, which can result in faster data loading but slower key creation, and importing with keys, which slows down the import process. Here are some strategies to accelerate the import:

Order Data by Primary Key:

Before loading the data, sort your CSV file according to the primary key order of the target table. This is especially beneficial when using InnoDB, as it uses clustered primary keys, meaning data will be loaded faster when sorted.

Disable Constraints:

Temporarily disable unique and foreign key constraints (set unique_checks = 0; set foreign_key_checks = 0;) to improve import speed. Once the data is loaded, you can enable these constraints again (set unique_checks = 1; set foreign_key_checks = 1;).

Disable Binary Logging:

Disabling binary logging (set sql_log_bin=0;) can also boost import times. When enabled, MySQL logs all write queries to the binary log for replication purposes. Disabling it frees up resources that can be used for loading data.

Truncate Table:

Before loading data, truncate the target table to remove any existing rows (truncate

;). This ensures that the data you are importing is the only data in the table.

Split CSV File:

If your CSV file is very large, consider splitting it into smaller chunks. This allows MySQL to load the data in smaller batches, reducing the time required for each load operation.

Terminate Slow Queries:

To terminate a slow query without restarting MySQL, use the KILL QUERY command. This command can be executed from the MySQL command line or using a tool like phpMyAdmin.

Additional Tips:

Use the REPLACE or INSERT IGNORE option to avoid duplicate key errors.
Use the LOCAL keyword to prevent temporary tables from being created on each import.
Use a high-performance server with sufficient RAM and CPU resources.

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