How to Handle CodeIgniter Transactions with External Functions?

Codeigniter Transactions

Transactions in Codeigniter ensure the integrity of database operations by providing a mechanism to either commit or rollback changes based on their success or failure. While Codeigniter's transaction handling works well in simple scenarios, challenges arise when external functions containing database operations are involved.

Issue Description:

When utilizing Codeigniter transactions, calling external functions that perform database operations can lead to the transaction not being rolled back in case of errors. This issue stems from the fact that such functions are not within the scope of the transaction.

Solution:

The best approach is to perform all database operations within the model, while ensuring that any external functions that might be called from within the model follow these guidelines:

1. Include the Transaction Initiation and Completion Commands:

   • Add db->trans_start() and db->trans_complete() within the external function.

2. Handle Errors with Rollback:

   • If an error occurs within the external function, invoke db->trans_rollback().

Example:

<code class="php">// Insert function within the model
function insert_function($data) {
  $this->db->trans_start();
  $result = $this->db->insert('table_name', $data);
  if (!$result) {
    $this->db->trans_rollback();
  }
  $this->db->trans_complete();
}

// Call from the controller
$this->utils->insert_function($data);</code>

Other Considerations:

• By default, Codeigniter operates transactions in strict mode, meaning if one transaction group fails, all transactions will be rolled back. Disable strict mode if independent transaction groups are necessary.
• Use db->transStatus() to check the status of the transaction after db->trans_complete() to determine if any errors occurred.
• In Codeigniter 4, the transaction-related keywords have changed to db->transBegin(), db->transCommit(), and db->transRollback().

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