How to Fix \"Certificate Verify Failed\" Errors When Sending TLS Emails with Laravel?

Troubleshooting "Certificate Verify Failed" Errors in Laravel TLS Email Sending

Problem:

When attempting to send TLS-encrypted emails via Gmail using Laravel 5.5, PHP 7.1.4, and Apache httpd 2.4 on Windows 10, errors such as "stream_socket_enable_crypto(): SSL operation failed with code 1. OpenSSL Error messages: error:14090086:SSL routines:ssl3_get_server_certificate:certificate verify failed" are encountered.

Solution:

To resolve the "certificate verify failed" error, follow these steps:

1. Download cURL cacert.pem Certificate Bundle:

• Navigate to the following URL: https://github.com/bagder/ca-bundle
• Click on the "Current bundle (PEM file)" link.
• Save the cacert.pem file to your desired location.

2. Configure php.ini:

• Open the php.ini file for your PHP installation.
• Add the following lines to the end of the file:

curl.cainfo = [Path to cacert.pem]
openssl.cafile = [Path to cacert.pem]

3. Restart PHP-FPM:

• Restart PHP-FPM or your web server (such as Apache httpd) to apply the changes.

4. Optional:

• If you have self-signed certificates that need to be accepted, open the cacert.pem bundle in a text editor and append them to the end of the file.

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