How to Transpose a Matrix in Python?

Transpose a Matrix in Python

Transpose of a matrix is a fundamental operation in linear algebra, where the rows and columns of a matrix are swapped. In Python, this operation can be done efficiently using the zip function, which combines elements from multiple iterables into tuples.

To transpose a matrix, we need to iterate through each row of the matrix and create a new row by extracting elements from corresponding columns of the original matrix. We can use the * operator with zip to achieve this.

<code class="python">original_matrix = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
transposed_matrix = zip(*original_matrix)

print(list(transposed_matrix))  # [(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)]</code>

This operation creates a list of tuples, where each tuple represents a row in the transposed matrix. To obtain a list of lists, we can use a list comprehension or the map function:

<code class="python">transposed_matrix_list = [list(x) for x in zip(*original_matrix)]

# or

transposed_matrix_list = map(list, zip(*original_matrix))

print(transposed_matrix_list)  # [[1, 4], [2, 5], [3, 6]]</code>

The resulting transposed matrix has its rows and columns swapped, as desired.

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