Create Tables in HTML

HTML tables have a number of rows and columns where we can insert, arrange, and display data. This data is then shown on the web page in a tabular format. These tables help us present data in an orderly way, like displaying a list of items, showing tabular data like sales reports, creating layouts for web page sections, etc.

In this article, we will learn how to create the following types of HTML tables:

• Simple Table
• Table with borders and padding
• Table with styling
• Table with captions
• Table with nested tables
• Table with col span and row span
• Table with colgroup

Essentials for Creating a Table in HTML

1. Text editor or HTML editor: Open a text editor or HTML editor like Notepad++, Sublime Text, or Visual Studio Code to write and save your HTML code. We have used Notepad++ as our default editor, but you can use any editor you like.
2. HTML file: Create a new file in Notepad++. Let’s name it “table.html” or any other name you prefer, but remember to end the file name with “.html”. This file is where you will write your code for your webpage. If you need help creating this file, you can check out our tutorial, “Design Web Page in HTML.”
3. HTML code: We have provided all the essential codes in this article for creating different types of tables. Simply copy and paste the code into your “table.html” file.
4. Web browser: After you finish writing your HTML code in the “table.html” file, you need to view and test your webpage. You can use a web browser like Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, or Microsoft Edge. We have used Google Chrome to view webpages for all examples in this article, but you can choose any browser you prefer.

Tags Used in HTML

Before creating a table in HTML, it is important to understand the tags used to create and structure it. Here are the key tags used for creating HTML tables:

element to group columns in an HTML table. We can also use the tag within the tag to set a background color for specific columns. To implement this, you can simply add a right after the opening

Tag

Description

Defines a table and its content.
Defines a title or caption for a table.
Groups the header content in a table.
Groups the body content in a table.
Groups the footer content in a table.
Defines a table row.
		Defines a table header cell.
		Defines a table data/cell.
Specifies a set of one or more columns in a table for the purpose of formatting.
Defines the attributes for a group of columns in a table.

Tag

Description

Defines a table and its content.
Defines a title or caption for a table.
Groups the header content in a table.
Groups the body content in a table.
Groups the footer content in a table.
Defines a table row.
		Defines a table header cell.
		Defines a table data/cell.
Specifies a set of one or more columns in a table for the purpose of formatting.
Defines the attributes for a group of columns in a table.

Examples of Tables in HTML

Example 1: Simple Table

Let’s create a basic HTML table that showcases product information. We will include two columns labeled “Product” and “Price.” The table will contain a single row displaying data for the product “Apple” with a price of $20.

To create a simple HTML table:

1. Open an HTML file in a text or HTML editor.
2. Add the element to define the table.
3. Use the
element to create table rows.
4. The
tag. For instance, you can use style=”background-color: #33cccc;” to set the background color to a nice shade of teal.

Code:

element defines table headers (column labels).
Use the
element to create table cells (data).

Insert the desired data within the table cells.

Save the file with the .html extension, and then open it in a web browser to view the table.

Code:

<title>Simple Table</title>

Product	Price
Apple	$20

Output:
The resultant table for product and price will be displayed as seen below:


To add an additional column to the table in the example, you can use the

element within your table’s column. This element is used to define header cells for the column.

And if you want to add a new row to the table, you can use the

element. This element is used to define regular cells within the table row.

Code:

Product	Price	Quantity
Apple	$20	10
Orange	$10	15

Output:


Let’s see how to add borders to an HTML table. This is a way to visually separate the different sections of the table and make it easier to read and understand.

Example 2: Table with Borders and Padding

In this example, we will add a table element and set the border and cellpadding attribute. We will use the border attribute and set the width of the table’s border to 1 pixel. For the cellpadding attribute, we will use 5 pixels of padding for the content inside each cell.

Code:

Name	Age	Country
Michael	27	Alaska
Evelyn	32	Ohio

Output:


Example 3: Table with Styling

If you want to improve the appearance of your table, you can use CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) to add various styles and formatting.

One way to enhance the table is by giving different cells a background color. To do this, you can simply add the style attribute with the background-color property inside the opening

Country	Population	Capital
Spain	47 Million	Madrid
Finland	5.5 Million	Helsinki

Output:


Example 4: Table with Caption

Using an HTML table with a caption is a great way to present information on a webpage in a tidy and organized manner. It’s like giving your table a title or a brief description to help people grasp its content easily. To include a caption, all you have to do is use the

or

elements that you want to merge.

Code:

<style>
table {
border-collapse: collapse;
width: 100%;
}
th, td {
border: 1px solid black;
padding: 8px;
text-align: left;
}
.football {
background-color: #33cccc;
}
.tennis {
background-color: #33cccc;
}
.lebron {
background-color: #fddb5d;
}
.heading {
background-color: #808080; /* Grey */
color: #fff; /* White */
}
</style>

Sport	Player
Football	Lionel Messi	Cristiano Ronaldo
	Neymar	Harry Kane
Tennis	Novak Djokovic	Rafael Nadal
	Serena Williams	Naomi Osaka
Basketball	LeBron James

Output: 

Example 7: Table with Colgroup

In HTML, we use the

tag.

Code:

<style>
table {
border-collapse: collapse;
}
th, td {
border: 1px solid black;
padding: 8px;
}
</style>

City	Country	Continent
New York	United States	North America
London	United Kingdom	Europe
Tokyo	Japan	Asia

Output: 

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