Public AI vs. Private AI vs. Personal AI: What\'s the Difference?

AI 可分為公共 AI、私人 AI 或個人 AI。基於這些類別訓練和設計人工智慧系統可以幫助解決監管限制、資料隱私和安全等問題。

這個分類還可以幫助人們了解人工智慧的目的、誰操作它、它如何處理你的數據，以及為了保護公共、個人和組織利益可能施加哪些限制。

為了了解公共人工智慧、私有人工智慧和個人人工智慧之間的區別，讓我們根據它們的目的、效能、資料處理和隱私來比較它們。

什麼是公共人工智慧？

公共人工智慧是指在使用者資料和各種開源平台（如維基媒體和 ResNet）上訓練的人工智慧。這些類型的人工智慧是人們每天在工作、學校和個人專案中使用的一些最受歡迎和最廣泛使用的人工智慧形式。

目的

公共人工智慧是網路上任何人都可以公開存取的人工智慧服務、程式或演算法。公共人工智慧通常是為全球人口服務的通用應用程序，為通常需要大量工時才能完成的問題和任務提供有效的人工智慧解決方案。您可能熟悉的一些最受歡迎的公共人工智慧包括搜尋引擎、社交媒體演算法、語言翻譯器和現代文字轉語音引擎。

可訪問性

如前所述，網路上的任何人都可以公開存取公共人工智慧。大多數公共人工智慧已經整合到搜尋引擎、社交媒體平台和擴充功能中，不需要任何特殊註冊或付費即可使用。許多公共 AI 模型，例如 Llama、ResNet 和 BERT，也可以在網路上免費提供，任何人都可以使用和微調來製作自己的模型。

效能

公共人工智慧系統是為了同時處理大量使用者而設計的。由於用戶數量（有時達到數百萬），公共人工智慧的效能足以支援盡可能多的用戶。為了維護國家和人民的利益，公共人工智慧也受到了一定的監管。典型的監管包括拒絕用戶提供某些類型的信息並限制人工智慧的行為和能力。

資料處理與隱私

公共人工智慧最大的擔憂之一是它們處理資料和隱私的方式。這些系統收集大量用戶資料來改進和運行其人工智慧演算法和服務。然而，這可能非常令人擔憂，因為擁有和經營該服務的組織可能會濫用資料。由於公共人工智慧運作方式的性質，保護用戶資料和隱私的法律法規受到限制。

什麼是私人人工智慧？

企業需要私人 AI 的原因是像 ChatGPT 這樣的公共 AI 會為組織帶來隱私和安全問題。私有人工智慧是指經過訓練和微調的人工智慧模型，可以滿足組織的需求，而不損害商業機密和其他智慧財產權的安全。許多私人人工智慧都是從公開的法學碩士中使用私人資料進行微調的，以適應組織的特定需求。

目的

私有人工智慧的目的是擁有專門為組織建構的人工智慧系統。它用於解決內部業務問題並提高公司內部的效率和整體生產力。私有人工智慧通常用於各種內部系統，例如客戶關係管理（CRM）、供應鏈優化和詐欺檢測。

可訪問性

與公共人工智慧不同，私有人工智慧不對外開放。一般來說，只有授權人員才能存取私有人工智慧，以確保敏感資料和流程受到保護。值得注意的是，儘管企業使用私人人工智慧來提高內部生產力，但他們也使用單獨的個人人工智慧來供客戶存取其服務。

Performance

Private AI is trained and streamlined for the specific needs of an organization. This allows businesses to fine-tune pre-trained LLMs or their model to achieve optimal performance for a given task. This, in turn, lowers the computing power necessary to run the AI with good performance while saving costs. Since it’s not accessible to the public, private AI has fewer regulations and can use unconstrained AI models or algorithms to boost the capability of their AI.

Data Handling and Privacy

Data handling and privacy is the biggest reason companies require a private AI. With a private AI, organizations can control and secure their data, minimizing the risk of data breaches and unauthorized access. Data used to fine-tune a private AI is curated by a team of hired engineers, data scientists, and software developers to design and train the model, which ensures that publicly available data bias their AI.

What Is Personal AI?

Personal AI refers to an AI algorithm made to aid people in their daily lives. They can usually be accessed through personal devices such as smartphones, tablets, smart speakers, and wearables. Some examples of personal AI would include virtual assistants like Alexa, Bixby, Google Assistant, and Siri.

Purpose

Personal AIs are designed to enhance a person’s user experience when interacting with technology to use a specific service. Personal AI algorithms provide a tailored experience to the user by adapting to their preferences, making it easier for customers to use a certain service.

Performance

Though not as scalable as public AI, personalized AI excels in understanding and responding to individual user requests. Personalized AI may also be incrementally slower than public AI as it needs to consider the relevance of the data to the user before it provides any result. That said, personal AI is more capable than private AI as it provides better and more relevant outputs for the user. Of course, performance will also depend on what personal AI service you prefer and how the company that made the AI operates it.

Data Handling and Privacy

Privacy and data handling are some of the biggest concerns regarding personal AI. Due to how personal AI is utilized in a service, laws permit companies to collect personal user data after users agree to terms of service. This makes them liable for protecting user data privacy and security. However, due to the data’s sensitivity, any data breach could potentially harm the privacy and security of the users.

Comparing Public, Private, and Personal AI

Categorizing AI into Public AI, Private AI, and Personal AI enables us to apply AI in solving specific tasks while maintaining optimal performance, accessibility, data security, and user privacy. Here’s a table for easy comparison:

Aspect	Public AI	Private AI	Personal AI
Purpose	Broad, general purpose	Broad, general purpose	Individual user needs
Accessibility	Open to the public	Restricted access, employee only	Access is limited to customers
Performance	Scalable, supports a large number of users simultaneously, optimal	Customized, optimized for specific operational tasks, fast	Personalized, optimal
Data Handling and Privacy	Low data privacy, companies can use data in accordance with the law	High data security, company handles its own data	Medium-level privacy, users agree to company terms of service

人工智慧分類的重要性

了解公共人工智慧、私人人工智慧和個人人工智慧之間的差異非常重要，因為這些類別代表了我們在日常生活中如何使用人工智慧。它還幫助我們制定某些法律和法規，以確保個人和組織的隱私和安全。如果沒有這些區別，此類監管將更難實施，這可能會導致公司濫用用戶資料、洩露商業機密，甚至導致人工智慧民主化的消亡。

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