Tips to improve the performance of database connections in PHP

The secret to improving PHP database connection performance: Use a database connection pool: Establish a database connection in advance to reduce the cost of re-establishing the connection. Use persistent connections: maintain a connection to the database to avoid re-establishing it for each query. Set connection parameters: Optimize parameters such as connection timeouts to prevent long-running queries from causing connection timeouts. Limit concurrent connections: Set an upper limit on the number of concurrent connections to prevent the server from being overwhelmed. Practical case: Implement connection pooling and persistent connections in e-commerce websites to reduce page load times and increase throughput.

Tips to improve the performance of database connections in PHP

Use database connection pool

Database connection pool is a mechanism that allows you to establish a certain number of database connections in advance and store them in the pool. When a new connection needs to be established, you simply get an existing connection from the pool without re-establishing it. This can greatly improve performance, especially for applications that handle large numbers of database requests.

Code sample:

use PDO;

// 创建一个数据库连接池
$pool = new PDOPool();

// 从池中获取一个连接
$connection = $pool->get();

// 使用连接执行查询
$result = $connection->query('SELECT * FROM users');

// 释放连接回到连接池
$pool->release($connection);

Using persistent connections

Persistent connections allow you to maintain a connection to the database server, This is true even after script execution has ended. This means you don't have to re-establish the connection the next time you need to connect, improving performance.

Code example:

$connection = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test', 'root', 'password', [
    PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => true
]);

Setting connection parameters

Some database connection parameters can affect performance. For example, setting the PDO::ATTR_TIMEOUT parameter can prevent long-running queries from causing connection timeouts.

Code example:

$connection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_TIMEOUT, 5); // 设置连接超时为 5 秒

Limit concurrent connections

Handling a large number of database connections at the same time may cause performance degradation. By limiting the number of concurrent connections, you ensure that your server is not overwhelmed.

Code example:

// 设置最大并发连接数为 10
$connection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_MAX_PERSISTENT_CONNECTIONS, 10);

Practical case

In an e-commerce website that handles a large number of user purchases, a database is used Connection pooling and persistent connections significantly improve performance. Connection pooling prevents the overhead of re-establishing connections when a large number of users access the website at the same time. Persistent connections eliminate the need to establish and close connections between multiple queries. These optimizations reduced page load times by 30% and increased the overall throughput of the site.

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