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HomeBackend DevelopmentPython TutorialPython sys.argv用法实例

sys.argv变量是一个字符串的列表。特别地,sys.argv包含了命令行参数 的列表,即使用命令行传递给你的程序的参数。

这里,当我们执行python using_sys.py we are arguments的时候,我们使用python命令运行using_sys.py模块,后面跟着的内容被作为参数传递给程序。Python为我们把它存储在sys.argv变量中。记住,脚本的名称总是sys.argv列表的第一个参数。所以,在这里,'using_sys.py'是sys.argv[0]、'we'是sys.argv[1]、'are'是sys.argv[2]以及'arguments'是sys.argv[3]。注意,Python从0开始计数,而非从1开始。

sys.argv[]是用来获取命令行参数的,sys.argv[0]表示代码本身文件路径;比如在CMD命令行输入 “python  test.py -help”,那么sys.argv[0]就代表“test.py”。

sys.startswith() 是用来判断一个对象是以什么开头的,比如在python命令行输入“'abc'.startswith('ab')”就会返回True
以下实例参考:

复制代码 代码如下:

#!/usr/local/bin/env python
import sys
def readfile(filename):
    '''Print a file to the standard output.'''
    f = file(filename)
    while True:
          line = f.readline()
          if len(line) == 0:
             break
          print line,
    f.close()
print "sys.argv[0]---------",sys.argv[0]                                   
print "sys.argv[1]---------",sys.argv[1]                                   
print "sys.argv[2]---------",sys.argv[2]
# Script starts from here
if len(sys.argv)     print 'No action specified.'
    sys.exit()
if sys.argv[1].startswith('--'):
   option = sys.argv[1][2:]
   # fetch sys.argv[1] but without the first two characters
   if option == 'version':
      print 'Version 1.2'
   elif option == 'help':
      print '''"
           This program prints files to the standard output.
           Any number of files can be specified.
           Options include:
           --version : Prints the version number
           --help    : Display this help'''
   else:
       print 'Unknown option.'
       sys.exit()
else:
    for filename in sys.argv[1:]:
        readfile(filename)

执行结果:# python test.py --version help

复制代码 代码如下:

sys.argv[0]--------- test.py
sys.argv[1]--------- --version
sys.argv[2]--------- help
Version 1.2

注意:sys.argv[1][2:]表示从第二个参数,从第三个字符开始截取到最后结尾,本例结果为:version
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