这次安装oracle选择的是oracle11.2.0.3版本，下载的安装包总共有7个，单独安装数据库需要使用前两个，具体安装步骤如下:1.将数据库文件复制到服务器上cpp1040453
这次安装oracle选择的是oracle 11.2.0.3版本，香港服务器租用，下载的安装包总共有7个，单独安装数据库需要使用前两个，具体安装步骤如下:
1. 将数据库文件复制到服务器上
cp p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_{1,2,}* /u01/
2. 解压数据库文件
unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
3. 检查/etc/hosts
注意将主机名的对应信息加入hosts文件
关闭sendmail 与iptables
Chkconfig –list iptables
Chkconfig –list sendmail
service sendmail stop
service iptables stop
4. 创建用户和组
useradd oracle
passwd oracle
groupadd dba
usermod -G dba oracle
chown -R oracle:dba /u01/
chmod –R 755 /u01/
检查以下补丁是否已经安装(挂载iso文件,使用mount –o loop 路径 /mnt/iso)
binutils-2.15.92.0.2-18
compat-libstdc++-33.2.3-47.3
elfutils-libelf-0.97-5
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.97-5
glibc-2.3.9.4-2.19
glibc-common-2.3.9.4-2.19
glibc-devel-2.3.9.4-2.19
gcc-3.4.5-2
gcc-c++-3.4.5-2
libaio-devel-0.3.105-2
libaio-0.3.105-2
libgcc-3.4.5
libstdc++-3.4.5-2
libstdc++-devel-3.4.5-2
make-3.80-5
sysstat-5.0.5
unixODBC-2.2.11
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11
[root@erp1 Packages]# rpm -ivh binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.28.el6.x86_64.rpm compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm elfutils-libelf-0.152-1.el6.x86_64.rpm elfutils-libelf-devel-0.152-1.el6.x86_64.rpm glibc-common-2.12-1.47.el6.x86_64.rpm glibc-devel-2.12-1.47.el6.x86_64.rpm gcc-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64.rpm gcc-c++-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64.rpm libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm libgcc-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64.rpm libstdc++-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64.rpm libstdc++-devel-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64.rpm make-3.81-19.el6.x86_64.rpm sysstat-9.0.4-18.el6.x86_64.rpm unixODBC-2.2.14-11.el6.x86_64.rpm unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-11.el6.x86_64.rpm compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm ksh-20100621-12.el6.x86_64.rpm libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm
5. 修改/etc/sysctl.conf,加入以下内容:
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmni = 4096
#semaphores:semmsl,semmns,semopm,semmni
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
结束后,执行
/sbin/sysctl -p
6. 修改/etc/security/limits.conf,加入内容
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
7. 修改/etc/pam.d/login,加入内容
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so //对64位系统这条不需要
session required pam_limits.so
8. 修改/etc/profile,加入内容
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
9. 使用oracle用户登录,修改.bash_profile文件
su - oracle
vi .bash_profile 加入以下内容
#DISPLAY=localhost:0.0
#export DISPLAY
export ORACLE_SID=center
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0./db_1
export ORA_CRS_HOME=/u01/app/product/crs_1
export ORACLE_ADMIN=$ORACLE_BASE/admin
export ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
export JAVA_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME/jdk
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/lib:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:
相关参数文件的内容解释:
a) vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmall为物理内存除以pagesize;
kernel.shmmax为物理内存的一半;
fs.file-max为512 乘以 processes (如128个process则为 65536);
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range/net.core.rmem_default/net.core.rmem_max三个参数设置和官方文档不一样, 这是根据metalink 343431.1 最新要求更改的;
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem/net.ipv4.tcp_wmem两个参数一般情况下无需设置, 除非是在Dataguard/Streams等需很多网络传输情况下;
其它参数根据官方文档要求设置即可.
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
修改以后让参数生效:
# /sbin/sysctl -p
Shmmax 是核心参数中最重要的参数之一，用于定义单个共享内存段的最大值，
shmmax 设置应该足够大，能在一个共享内存段下容纳下整个的SGA ,设置的过低可能会导致需要创建多个共享内存段，香港虚拟主机，这样可能导致系统性能的下降。
kernel.shmall 参数是控制共享内存页数。Linux 共享内存页大小为4KB, 共享内
存段的大小都是共享内存页大小的整数倍。一个共享内存段的最大大小是16G，那么需要共享内存页数是 16GB/4KB=16777216KB/4KB=4194304 （页），也就是64Bit 系统下16GB 物理内存，设置 kernel.shmall = 4194304 才符合要求(几乎是原来设置2097152 的两倍)。这时可以将shmmax 参数调整到 16G 了，同时可以修改SGA_MAX_SIZE 和SGA_TARGET 为 12G（您想设置的SGA 最大大小，当然也可以是2G~14G 等，还要协调PGA参数及OS 等其他内存使用，不能设置太满，比如16G）。
kernel.shmmni ----
shmmni 内核参数是共享内存段的最大数量（注意这个参数不是 shmmin,是
shmmni, shmmin 表示内存段最小大小 ） 。shmmni 缺省值 4096 ，一般肯定是够用了 。
在安装Oracle 之前通常需要设置kernel.sem这个参数，下面对些作简单介绍:
sem其实是semaphores的缩写，查看当前设置
[Oracle@ebsse oracle]$ cat /proc/sys/kernel/sem
250 32000 100 128
4个数据分别对应
SEMMSL SEMMNS SEMOPM SEMMNI
如当Oracle DB初始化参数文件中PROCESSES参数设置较大时，需要调整SEMAPHORES设置
SEMMSL应该设置为服务器中各个实例中最大的PROCESSES参数+10，例如，当最大的PROCESSES参数为5000时，SEMMSL应设置为5010。
SEMMNS参数应设置为SEMMSL*SEMMNI，接上例SEMMSL为5010，SEMMNS参数应为（5010*128）=641280。
SEMOPM参数应设置与SEMMSL参数相同，接上例此处应设置为5010
更改当前SEMAPHORES参数设置：
[Oracle@ebsse oracle]$ su
Password:
[root@ebsse Oracle]# echo "5010 641280 5010 128" > /proc/sys/kernel/sem
[root@ebsse Oracle]# cat /proc/sys/kernel/sem
5010 641280 5010 128
如需启动时自动应用，可在/etc/sysctl.conf增加：
kernel.sem =5010 641280 5010 128
SEMMNI 100 Defines the maximum number of semaphore sets in the entire system.
How does MySQL index cardinality affect query performance?Apr 14, 2025 am 12:18 AMMySQL index cardinality has a significant impact on query performance: 1. High cardinality index can more effectively narrow the data range and improve query efficiency; 2. Low cardinality index may lead to full table scanning and reduce query performance; 3. In joint index, high cardinality sequences should be placed in front to optimize query.
MySQL: Resources and Tutorials for New UsersApr 14, 2025 am 12:16 AMThe MySQL learning path includes basic knowledge, core concepts, usage examples, and optimization techniques. 1) Understand basic concepts such as tables, rows, columns, and SQL queries. 2) Learn the definition, working principles and advantages of MySQL. 3) Master basic CRUD operations and advanced usage, such as indexes and stored procedures. 4) Familiar with common error debugging and performance optimization suggestions, such as rational use of indexes and optimization queries. Through these steps, you will have a full grasp of the use and optimization of MySQL.
Real-World MySQL: Examples and Use CasesApr 14, 2025 am 12:15 AMMySQL's real-world applications include basic database design and complex query optimization. 1) Basic usage: used to store and manage user data, such as inserting, querying, updating and deleting user information. 2) Advanced usage: Handle complex business logic, such as order and inventory management of e-commerce platforms. 3) Performance optimization: Improve performance by rationally using indexes, partition tables and query caches.
SQL Commands in MySQL: Practical ExamplesApr 14, 2025 am 12:09 AMSQL commands in MySQL can be divided into categories such as DDL, DML, DQL, DCL, etc., and are used to create, modify, delete databases and tables, insert, update, delete data, and perform complex query operations. 1. Basic usage includes CREATETABLE creation table, INSERTINTO insert data, and SELECT query data. 2. Advanced usage involves JOIN for table joins, subqueries and GROUPBY for data aggregation. 3. Common errors such as syntax errors, data type mismatch and permission problems can be debugged through syntax checking, data type conversion and permission management. 4. Performance optimization suggestions include using indexes, avoiding full table scanning, optimizing JOIN operations and using transactions to ensure data consistency.
How does InnoDB handle ACID compliance?Apr 14, 2025 am 12:03 AMInnoDB achieves atomicity through undolog, consistency and isolation through locking mechanism and MVCC, and persistence through redolog. 1) Atomicity: Use undolog to record the original data to ensure that the transaction can be rolled back. 2) Consistency: Ensure the data consistency through row-level locking and MVCC. 3) Isolation: Supports multiple isolation levels, and REPEATABLEREAD is used by default. 4) Persistence: Use redolog to record modifications to ensure that data is saved for a long time.
MySQL's Place: Databases and ProgrammingApr 13, 2025 am 12:18 AMMySQL's position in databases and programming is very important. It is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in various application scenarios. 1) MySQL provides efficient data storage, organization and retrieval functions, supporting Web, mobile and enterprise-level systems. 2) It uses a client-server architecture, supports multiple storage engines and index optimization. 3) Basic usages include creating tables and inserting data, and advanced usages involve multi-table JOINs and complex queries. 4) Frequently asked questions such as SQL syntax errors and performance issues can be debugged through the EXPLAIN command and slow query log. 5) Performance optimization methods include rational use of indexes, optimized query and use of caches. Best practices include using transactions and PreparedStatemen
MySQL: From Small Businesses to Large EnterprisesApr 13, 2025 am 12:17 AMMySQL is suitable for small and large enterprises. 1) Small businesses can use MySQL for basic data management, such as storing customer information. 2) Large enterprises can use MySQL to process massive data and complex business logic to optimize query performance and transaction processing.
What are phantom reads and how does InnoDB prevent them (Next-Key Locking)?Apr 13, 2025 am 12:16 AMInnoDB effectively prevents phantom reading through Next-KeyLocking mechanism. 1) Next-KeyLocking combines row lock and gap lock to lock records and their gaps to prevent new records from being inserted. 2) In practical applications, by optimizing query and adjusting isolation levels, lock competition can be reduced and concurrency performance can be improved.
Hot AI Tools
Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos
AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.
Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free
Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover
AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.
Hot Article
Hot Tools
SecLists
SecLists is the ultimate security tester's companion. It is a collection of various types of lists that are frequently used during security assessments, all in one place. SecLists helps make security testing more efficient and productive by conveniently providing all the lists a security tester might need. List types include usernames, passwords, URLs, fuzzing payloads, sensitive data patterns, web shells, and more. The tester can simply pull this repository onto a new test machine and he will have access to every type of list he needs.
SublimeText3 Linux new version
SublimeText3 Linux latest version
Atom editor mac version download
The most popular open source editor
MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows
This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.
SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)
