mysql的主从复制与半同步复制(一)
一、mysql的主从复制复制过程需要至少两个mysql服务节点,mysql的主从复制框架一般都为一主多从,从多机房汇总到数据中心的模式,而复制过程只能从主服务器到从
一、mysql的主从复制
复制过程需要至少两个mysql服务节点,mysql的主从复制框架一般都为一主多从,,从多机房汇总到数据中心的模式,而复制过程只能从主服务器到从服务器实现。
复制过程中,主服务器负责读/写操作,而从服务器只负责读操作
二、主从复制的功能
1、实现数据冗余、异地灾备恢复、备份
2、实现数据的读/写分离
3、实现数据库服务的负载均衡
4、实现高可用与故障切换
5、实现MySQL的升级测试
三、主从复制过程中注意的事项
1、不要混合shi用不同的存储引擎
2、主从服务器的server-id 要保持不同
3、尽力避免修改从服务器的数据库
4、尽可能的使用基于行或基于混合模式的复制,避免使用基于语句的复制
5、主服务器要启动二进制日志,而从节点则是开启中继日志,而且要确保从服务器的复制线程时刻开启着
6、注意因为磁盘及内存的大小不足而导致的复制崩溃
四、主从复制的具体实现过程
mysql主从复制拓扑图
1、准备两个安装过mysql服务的节点xz:172.16.200.5,node2:172.16.200.7,修改主机名并同步时间;
[root@xz ~]# hostname master [root@master ~]# crontab -e */1 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 172.16.0.1 &> /dev/null [root@node2 ~]# hostname slave [root@slave ~]# crontab -e */1 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 172.16.0.1 &> /dev/null2、在主节点上创建有复制权限的用户,于从节点上使用授权用户连接测试;
3、修改主从两个节点的配置文件,并重新启动mysql服务;
4、查看主节点的二进制日志及其事件位置;
5、与从节点上复制主节点上的数据;
6、启动从服务器复制线程、查看状态,并查看启动的线程;

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