通过Trace文件了解Oracle控制文件

oracle中的alter database backup controlfile to trace;命令用来将控制文件备份为.trc后缀的文本文件。这个文件名的格式为：sid

Oracle中的alter database backup controlfile to trace;命令用来将控制文件备份为.trc后缀的文本文件。这个文件名的格式为：sid_ora_pid.trc,存储在参数user_dump_dest指定的位置。这个文件里储存的是创建新控制文件的SQL，我们可以通过它来大概了解一下控制文件里都有那些内容。 orcl@ORCL>select * from v$version;

BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE 9.2.0.1.0 Production
TNS for 32-bit Windows: Version 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
orcl@ORCL>show parameter user_dump_dest;NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
user_dump_dest string D:\oracle\admin\orcl\udump
orcl@ORCL>alter database backup controlfile to trace;

Database altered.

我们在D:\oracle\admin\orcl\udump这个目录下找到最新生成的那个文件就是刚才对控制文件的备份。
这个文件中的内容：

1.注释

*** SESSION ID:(9.5) 2008-03-18 20:40:22.000
*** 2008-03-18 20:40:22.000
# The following are current System-scope REDO Log Archival related
# parameters and can be included in the database initialization file.
#
# LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST=''
# LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST=''
#
# LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=ARC%S.%T
# REMOTE_ARCHIVE_ENABLE=TRUE
# LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=2
# STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=MANUAL
# STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=%ORACLE_HOME%\RDBMS
# FAL_CLIENT=''
# FAL_SERVER=''
#
# LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=D:\oracle\RDBMS'
# LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='MANDATORY NOREOPEN NODELAY'
# LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='ARCH NOAFFIRM SYNC'
# LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='NOREGISTER NOALTERNATE NODEPENDENCY'
# LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='NOMAX_FAILURE NOQUOTA_SIZE NOQUOTA_USED'
# LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
#
# Below are two sets of SQL statements, each of which creates a new
# control file and uses it to open the database. The first set opens
# the database with the NORESETLOGS option and should be used only if
# the current versions of all online logs are available. The second
# set opens the database with the RESETLOGS option and should be used
# if online logs are unavailable.
# The appropriate set of statements can be copied from the trace into
# a script file, edited as necessary, and executed when there is a
# need to re-create the control file.
#
2.NORESETLOGS case SQL（包含数据库的日志文件和数据文件的物理位置和大小等信息）

***在联机日志可用的情况下使用下边这些命令重新构建控制文件

# Set #1. NORESETLOGS case
#
# The following commands will create a new control file and use it
# to open the database.
# Data used by the recovery manager will be lost. Additional logs may
# be required for media recovery of offline data files. Use this
# only if the current version of all online logs are available.

STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORCL" NORESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
-- SET STANDBY TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
MAXLOGFILES 50
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 1
MAXLOGHISTORY 226
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO01.LOG' SIZE 100M,
GROUP 2 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO02.LOG' SIZE 100M,
GROUP 3 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO03.LOG' SIZE 100M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\UNDOTBS01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\CWMLITE01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\DRSYS01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\EXAMPLE01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\INDX01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\ODM01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\TOOLS01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\XDB01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SCOTT_TABLAESPACE.ORA',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST.DBF'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;
**********rman信息*******

# Configure RMAN configuration record 1
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('RETENTION POLICY','TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS');
# Configure RMAN configuration record 2
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP','ON');

******其它信息******

# Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
# or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE
# Database can now be opened normally.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
# Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
# Online tempfiles have complete space information.
# Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP01.DBF'
SIZE 41943040 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360 MAXSIZE 32767M;
# End of tempfile additions.
3。RESETLOGS case SQL

在联机日志不可用的情况下使用这些SQL构造控制文件。所有的联机日志将丢失，，所有的备份都失效。包含的信息同上边。

# Set #2. RESETLOGS case
#
# The following commands will create a new control file and use it
# to open the database.
# The contents of online logs will be lost and all backups will
# be invalidated. Use this only if online logs are damaged.
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORCL" RESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
-- SET STANDBY TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
MAXLOGFILES 50
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 1
MAXLOGHISTORY 226
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO01.LOG' SIZE 100M,
GROUP 2 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO02.LOG' SIZE 100M,
GROUP 3 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO03.LOG' SIZE 100M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\UNDOTBS01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\CWMLITE01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\DRSYS01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\EXAMPLE01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\INDX01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\ODM01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\TOOLS01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\XDB01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SCOTT_TABLAESPACE.ORA',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST.DBF'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;
# Configure RMAN configuration record 1
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('RETENTION POLICY','TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS');
# Configure RMAN configuration record 2
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP','ON');
# Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
# or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE
# Database can now be opened zeroing the online logs.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
# Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
# Online tempfiles have complete space information.
# Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP01.DBF'
SIZE 41943040 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360 MAXSIZE 32767M;
# End of tempfile additions.