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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial mysql的三个故障解决小结

mysql使用过程中经常会遇到的三个故障,在此小结一下。1、MySQl服务无法启动我们在使用mysql的过程中,常会遇到MySQl服务无法启动,具体报错信息:StartingMySQL

  mysql使用过程中经常会遇到的三个故障,在此小结一下。

1、MySQl服务无法启动

   我们在使用mysql的过程中,常会遇到MySQl服务无法启动,具体报错信息:Starting MySQL ERROR.The server quit without updating PID file (/[FAILED]l/mysql/)

   对这样的错误,网上的分析解释有很多,有人分析把skip-federated这个参数屏蔽就可以了,也有人认为删除mysql-bin.index这个文件就可以启动服务。或者检查MYSQL日志,如果提示有参数配置错误,也很容易导致这个错误。

   当然导致此错误的原因有很多,解决办法也有很多,比较快速有效的解决办法就是做好数据库备份,然后只需如下两步,就可快速使数据库恢复正常。

进入MYSQL安装位置下的scripts目录,执行

 ./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/var/mysql/data --user=mysql     (初始化MYSQL数据库)

然后再执行 ./mysqld_safe --user=mysql --datadir=/var/mysql/data &  (安全启动模式)

这时候就可正常启动MYSQL了。

(注:参数可根据mysql实际的安装目录和数据目录进行调整)


2、配置MYSQL同步时的Slave_IO_Running状态异常

   在配置MYSQL同步时,丛机显示:

   Slave_IO_Running: Connecting

   Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

确保两台MYSQL主机网络是互通的。当出现这种错误时,没有显示正常状态的YES,这个问题主要是因为授权出现错误或不匹配。

mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to test@192.168.199.119 identified by 'test@123456';

比如授权的用户不匹配或授权的从机IP不对,都会出现Connecting这个显示。

通过show slave status\G 命令,仔细观察这两个显示状态,都为YES才正常。


3、配置MYSQL同步时的Slave_SQL_Running状态异常

   在配置MYSQL同步时,丛机显示:

    Slave_IO_Running: YES

    Slave_SQL_Running: No

这个问题一般有两个原因:

A.程序可能在slave上进行了写操作


B.也可能是slave机器重起后,事务回滚造成的.


解决办法一:

mysql> slave stop;

mysql> set GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER=1; (在start slave时,从当前位置起,跳过一个event。)

mysql> slave start;


解决办法二、


首先停掉Slave服务:slave stop

到主服务器上查看主机状态:

记录File和Position对应的值


进入master


mysql> show master status;

+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File                 | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| localhost-bin.000009 | 33622483 |     weichat  |  mysql,test      | 

+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)


然后到slave服务器上执行手动同步:


mysql> change master to 

> master_host='master_ip',

> master_user='user', 

> master_password='pwd', 

> master_port=3306, 

> master_log_file=localhost-bin.000009', 

> master_log_pos=326 ;

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> slave start;

1 row in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> show slave status\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

........

            Master_Log_File: localhost-bin.000009

        Read_Master_Log_Pos: 326

             Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000027

              Relay_Log_Pos: 1014014

      Relay_Master_Log_File: localhost-bin.000009

           Slave_IO_Running: Yes

          Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

            Replicate_Do_DB: weichat


手动同步需要先停止master的写操作!



注:


Slave_IO_Running:连接到主库,并读取主库的日志到本地,生成本地日志文件


Slave_SQL_Running:读取本地日志文件,并执行日志里的SQL命令。


    

解决MYSQL问题的思路:

1:首先检查错误日志,找到最近的错误.查看问题出现在哪.

2:修改my.cnf中的参数配置,但是请注意,修改的时候一定要记清楚那些地方修改了,方便之后做出更加正确合理的修改.

   在配置参数的时候一定要高度重视innodb引擎参数的配置,它是极易导致错误的关键所在.

3、关键目录的权限要注意

4:正常启动服务.

不能正常启动MYSQL的原因有很多种,,当然具体问题要具体分析,不过分析错误日志会帮助我们定位问题的原因,从而快速解决问题.


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