search
HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialOracle中开启某张表的审计(audit)

Oracle数据库通过audit_trail参数来开启标准审计,OS:说明审计信息放在系统汇总,如果是Linux那么由audit_file_dest 决定,如果

Oracle数据库通过audit_trail参数来开启标准审计

它的参数有下面几种

NONE:不开启审计

OS:说明审计信息放在系统汇总,如果是Linux那么由audit_file_dest 决定,如果是Windows 那么由事件查看器决定

DB 或 TRUE :表示审计信息存放在数据库里,,也就是sys 用户的aud$ 表。

审计范围分为session 和 access两种

session:表示用户登录之后执行的相同SQL只记录一次,其他相同SQL不再记录;

access:表示每次执行的SQL都进行审计记录。

1、开启审计参数

SQL> alter system set audit_trail=db_extended scope=spfile sid='*';

2、重启数据库

为了使参数生效

su - oracle

$ srvctl stop database -d orcl

$ srvctl start database -d orcl

SQL> show parameter audit;

3、设置对表进行审计

这样每次有用户对表进行操作,那么都会有相应的记录被添加到aud$中,而Oracle为了方便读取数据,创建了视图。

虽然会记录每个用户对表的操作,但是不会记录sys用户的操作,其他所有用户都会做记录。

SQL> audit all on scott.emp by access;

设置之后如果想要看到效果,可以用Scott用户登录进来对表进行操作。

--------------------------------------分割线 --------------------------------------

在CentOS 6.4下安装Oracle 11gR2(x64)

Oracle 11gR2 在VMWare虚拟机中安装步骤

Debian 下 安装 Oracle 11g XE R2

--------------------------------------分割线 --------------------------------------

4、查询审计记录

$ su - oracle

$ sqlplus / as sysdba

alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';

col OS_USERNAME for a10

col USERNAME for a11

col USERHOST for a10

col TERMINAL for a10

col TIMESTAMP for a20

col obj_name for a10

col OWNER for a10

col ACTION_NAME for a11

col TRANSACTIONID for a16

col sql_text for a30

select username,userhost,timestamp,owner,obj_name,action_name,sql_text from dba_audit_trail;

username 登录的用户

userhost 登录的主机

timestamp 时间戳

owner 操作表的所有者

obj_name 操作的表

action_name 做了什么动作

sql_text 具体的SQL

其他:

1、清空aud$

这张系统表是可以使用TRUNCATE命令截断的。把它删掉之后那么视图中的记录也就相应消失了。

SQL> truncate table aud$;

2、取消某张表的审计

SQL> noaudit all on scott.emp;

3、关闭审计

SQL> alter system set audit_trail=none;

本文永久更新链接地址:

linux

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
How does MySQL index cardinality affect query performance?How does MySQL index cardinality affect query performance?Apr 14, 2025 am 12:18 AM

MySQL index cardinality has a significant impact on query performance: 1. High cardinality index can more effectively narrow the data range and improve query efficiency; 2. Low cardinality index may lead to full table scanning and reduce query performance; 3. In joint index, high cardinality sequences should be placed in front to optimize query.

MySQL: Resources and Tutorials for New UsersMySQL: Resources and Tutorials for New UsersApr 14, 2025 am 12:16 AM

The MySQL learning path includes basic knowledge, core concepts, usage examples, and optimization techniques. 1) Understand basic concepts such as tables, rows, columns, and SQL queries. 2) Learn the definition, working principles and advantages of MySQL. 3) Master basic CRUD operations and advanced usage, such as indexes and stored procedures. 4) Familiar with common error debugging and performance optimization suggestions, such as rational use of indexes and optimization queries. Through these steps, you will have a full grasp of the use and optimization of MySQL.

Real-World MySQL: Examples and Use CasesReal-World MySQL: Examples and Use CasesApr 14, 2025 am 12:15 AM

MySQL's real-world applications include basic database design and complex query optimization. 1) Basic usage: used to store and manage user data, such as inserting, querying, updating and deleting user information. 2) Advanced usage: Handle complex business logic, such as order and inventory management of e-commerce platforms. 3) Performance optimization: Improve performance by rationally using indexes, partition tables and query caches.

SQL Commands in MySQL: Practical ExamplesSQL Commands in MySQL: Practical ExamplesApr 14, 2025 am 12:09 AM

SQL commands in MySQL can be divided into categories such as DDL, DML, DQL, DCL, etc., and are used to create, modify, delete databases and tables, insert, update, delete data, and perform complex query operations. 1. Basic usage includes CREATETABLE creation table, INSERTINTO insert data, and SELECT query data. 2. Advanced usage involves JOIN for table joins, subqueries and GROUPBY for data aggregation. 3. Common errors such as syntax errors, data type mismatch and permission problems can be debugged through syntax checking, data type conversion and permission management. 4. Performance optimization suggestions include using indexes, avoiding full table scanning, optimizing JOIN operations and using transactions to ensure data consistency.

How does InnoDB handle ACID compliance?How does InnoDB handle ACID compliance?Apr 14, 2025 am 12:03 AM

InnoDB achieves atomicity through undolog, consistency and isolation through locking mechanism and MVCC, and persistence through redolog. 1) Atomicity: Use undolog to record the original data to ensure that the transaction can be rolled back. 2) Consistency: Ensure the data consistency through row-level locking and MVCC. 3) Isolation: Supports multiple isolation levels, and REPEATABLEREAD is used by default. 4) Persistence: Use redolog to record modifications to ensure that data is saved for a long time.

MySQL's Place: Databases and ProgrammingMySQL's Place: Databases and ProgrammingApr 13, 2025 am 12:18 AM

MySQL's position in databases and programming is very important. It is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in various application scenarios. 1) MySQL provides efficient data storage, organization and retrieval functions, supporting Web, mobile and enterprise-level systems. 2) It uses a client-server architecture, supports multiple storage engines and index optimization. 3) Basic usages include creating tables and inserting data, and advanced usages involve multi-table JOINs and complex queries. 4) Frequently asked questions such as SQL syntax errors and performance issues can be debugged through the EXPLAIN command and slow query log. 5) Performance optimization methods include rational use of indexes, optimized query and use of caches. Best practices include using transactions and PreparedStatemen

MySQL: From Small Businesses to Large EnterprisesMySQL: From Small Businesses to Large EnterprisesApr 13, 2025 am 12:17 AM

MySQL is suitable for small and large enterprises. 1) Small businesses can use MySQL for basic data management, such as storing customer information. 2) Large enterprises can use MySQL to process massive data and complex business logic to optimize query performance and transaction processing.

What are phantom reads and how does InnoDB prevent them (Next-Key Locking)?What are phantom reads and how does InnoDB prevent them (Next-Key Locking)?Apr 13, 2025 am 12:16 AM

InnoDB effectively prevents phantom reading through Next-KeyLocking mechanism. 1) Next-KeyLocking combines row lock and gap lock to lock records and their gaps to prevent new records from being inserted. 2) In practical applications, by optimizing query and adjusting isolation levels, lock competition can be reduced and concurrency performance can be improved.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
WWE 2K25: How To Unlock Everything In MyRise
4 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

PhpStorm Mac version

PhpStorm Mac version

The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool

MantisBT

MantisBT

Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

WebStorm Mac version

WebStorm Mac version

Useful JavaScript development tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.