Transact-SQL 语言使用的流程控制命令与常见的程序设计语言类似主要有以下几种控制命令。 4.6.1 IFELSE 其语法如下: IF 条件表达式 命令行或程序块 [ELSE [条件表达式] 命令行或程序块] 其中条件表达式可以是各种表达式的组合,但表达式的值必须是逻辑值真
Transact-SQL 语言使用的流程控制命令与常见的程序设计语言类似主要有以下几种控制命令。
4.6.1 IF…ELSE
其语法如下:
IF
[ELSE [条件表达式]
]
其中可以是各种表达式的组合,但表达式的值必须是逻辑值“真”或“假”。ELSE子句是可选的,最简单的IF语句没有ELSE子句部分。IF…ELSE用来判断当某一条件成立时执行某段程序,条件不成立时执行另一段程序。如果不使用程序块,IF或ELSE只能执行一条命令。IF…ELSE可以进行嵌套。
例4-9
declare@x int,@y int,@z int
select @x=1,@y=2, @z=3
if@x>@y
print'x>y' --打印字符串'x>y'
else if@y>@z
print'y>z'
else print'z>y'
运行结果如下
z>y
注意:在Transact-SQL中最多可嵌套32级。
4.6.2 BEGIN…END
其语法如下:
BEGIN
END
BEGIN…END用来设定一个程序块,将在BEGIN…END内的所有程序视为一个单元执行BEGIN…END经常在条件语句,如IF…ELSE中使用。在BEGIN…END中可嵌套另外的BEGIN…END来定义另一程序块。
4.6.3 CASE
CASE 命令有两种语句格式:
CASE
WHEN THEN
…
WHENTHEN
[ELSE]
,
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