1、函数 函数的可移植性不是很强,不同的DBMS有不同的函数 2、文本处理函数 函数说明 Left()返回串左边的字符 Length()返回串的长度 Locate()找出串的一个子串 Lower()将串转换为小写 LTrim()去掉串左边的空格 Right()去掉串右边的空格 RTrim()去掉右边的空
1、函数
函数的可移植性不是很强,不同的DBMS有不同的函数
2、文本处理函数
函数 说明
Left() 返回串左边的字符
Length() 返回串的长度
Locate() 找出串的一个子串
Lower() 将串转换为小写
LTrim() 去掉串左边的空格
Right() 去掉串右边的空格
RTrim() 去掉右边的空格
Soundex() 返回串的SOUNDEX值
SubString() 返回子串的字符
Upper() 将串转换为大写
关于Soundex()说明
考虑类似发音和类似字节,使串进行发音比较而不是字母比较
?
1
2
SELECT * FROM `user`
Where SOUNDEX(`name`)= SOUNDEX('Lee');
返回值
Lie
Lee
3、日期处理函数
(1)说明
函数 说明
AddDate() 增加一个日期(天、周等)
AddTime() 增加一个时间(时、分等)
CurDate() 返回当前日期
CurTime() 返回当前时间
Date() 返回日期时间的日期部分
Datediff(expr1,expr2) 计算两个日期之差
Date_Add() 高度灵活的日期运算函数
Date_Format() 返回一个格式化的日期或时间串
Day() 返回一个日期的天数部分
DayofWeek() 对于一个日期返回对应的星期几
Hour() 返回一个日期的小时部分
Minute() 返回一个日期的分钟部分
Month() 返回一个日期的月份部分
Now() 返回当前日期和时间
Second() 返回一个日期的秒部分
Time() 返回一个日期时间的时间部分
Year() 返回一个日期的年份部分
(2)查某一天的数据
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Select order_id FROM orders
Where Date(order_date)='2014-04-01'
或者
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SELECT order_id FROM orders
Where order_date BETWEEN'2014-01-01 00:00:000' AND '2014-01-01 23:59:59.000'
返回2014-04-01日的订单,注意错误的写法如下,错误原因是一般数据库中的日期都有时分秒,不可能完全等于一个日期
?
1
2
SELECT order_id FROM orders
Where order_date='2014-04-01'
(3)查某个月数据
?
1
2
3
SELECT order_id FROM orders
Where Date(order_date) BETWEEN
'2014-01-01' AND '2014-01-31'
或者
?
1
2
3
SELECT order_id FROM orders
Where Year(order_date)='2014'
AND Month(order_date)='01'
4、数值处理函数
函数 说明
Abs() 返回一个数的绝对值
Cos() 返回一个角度的余弦
Exp() 返回一个数的指数值
Mod() 返回除操作的余数
Pi() 返回圆周率
Rand() 返回一个随机数
Sin() 返回一个角度的正弦
Sqrt() 返回一个数的平方根
Tan() 返回一个角度的正切
,
MySQL index cardinality has a significant impact on query performance: 1. High cardinality index can more effectively narrow the data range and improve query efficiency; 2. Low cardinality index may lead to full table scanning and reduce query performance; 3. In joint index, high cardinality sequences should be placed in front to optimize query.

The MySQL learning path includes basic knowledge, core concepts, usage examples, and optimization techniques. 1) Understand basic concepts such as tables, rows, columns, and SQL queries. 2) Learn the definition, working principles and advantages of MySQL. 3) Master basic CRUD operations and advanced usage, such as indexes and stored procedures. 4) Familiar with common error debugging and performance optimization suggestions, such as rational use of indexes and optimization queries. Through these steps, you will have a full grasp of the use and optimization of MySQL.

MySQL's real-world applications include basic database design and complex query optimization. 1) Basic usage: used to store and manage user data, such as inserting, querying, updating and deleting user information. 2) Advanced usage: Handle complex business logic, such as order and inventory management of e-commerce platforms. 3) Performance optimization: Improve performance by rationally using indexes, partition tables and query caches.

SQL commands in MySQL can be divided into categories such as DDL, DML, DQL, DCL, etc., and are used to create, modify, delete databases and tables, insert, update, delete data, and perform complex query operations. 1. Basic usage includes CREATETABLE creation table, INSERTINTO insert data, and SELECT query data. 2. Advanced usage involves JOIN for table joins, subqueries and GROUPBY for data aggregation. 3. Common errors such as syntax errors, data type mismatch and permission problems can be debugged through syntax checking, data type conversion and permission management. 4. Performance optimization suggestions include using indexes, avoiding full table scanning, optimizing JOIN operations and using transactions to ensure data consistency.

InnoDB achieves atomicity through undolog, consistency and isolation through locking mechanism and MVCC, and persistence through redolog. 1) Atomicity: Use undolog to record the original data to ensure that the transaction can be rolled back. 2) Consistency: Ensure the data consistency through row-level locking and MVCC. 3) Isolation: Supports multiple isolation levels, and REPEATABLEREAD is used by default. 4) Persistence: Use redolog to record modifications to ensure that data is saved for a long time.

MySQL's position in databases and programming is very important. It is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in various application scenarios. 1) MySQL provides efficient data storage, organization and retrieval functions, supporting Web, mobile and enterprise-level systems. 2) It uses a client-server architecture, supports multiple storage engines and index optimization. 3) Basic usages include creating tables and inserting data, and advanced usages involve multi-table JOINs and complex queries. 4) Frequently asked questions such as SQL syntax errors and performance issues can be debugged through the EXPLAIN command and slow query log. 5) Performance optimization methods include rational use of indexes, optimized query and use of caches. Best practices include using transactions and PreparedStatemen

MySQL is suitable for small and large enterprises. 1) Small businesses can use MySQL for basic data management, such as storing customer information. 2) Large enterprises can use MySQL to process massive data and complex business logic to optimize query performance and transaction processing.

InnoDB effectively prevents phantom reading through Next-KeyLocking mechanism. 1) Next-KeyLocking combines row lock and gap lock to lock records and their gaps to prevent new records from being inserted. 2) In practical applications, by optimizing query and adjusting isolation levels, lock competition can be reduced and concurrency performance can be improved.


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