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PostgreSQL实现MySQLinsertignore语法

WBOY
WBOYOriginal
2016-06-07 16:18:311758browse

对MySQL熟悉的人可能都知道,MySQL 有一个insert ignore 语法来忽略已经存在的记录。 PostgreSQL暂时不提供这样的语法,但是可以用其他方法来代替。 t_girl=# d insert_ignore Table ytt.insert_ignore Column | Type | Modifiers ----------+--------------

          对MySQL熟悉的人可能都知道,MySQL 有一个“insert ignore" 语法来忽略已经存在的记录。 PostgreSQL暂时不提供这样的语法,但是可以用其他方法来代替。

t_girl=# d insert_ignore Table "ytt.insert_ignore" Column | Type | Modifiers ----------+------------------------+----------- id | integer | not null log_time | time without time zone | Indexes: "insert_ignore_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id) t_girl=# select * from insert_ignore; id | log_time ----+---------------- 1 | 14:44:12.37185 (1 row) 我来演示下几种代替方法。 第一种方法, 用自带的规则(RULE)来实现。

t_girl=# create rule r_insert_ignore as on insert to insert_ignore where exists (select 1 from insert_ignore where id = new.id) do instead nothing;   
CREATE RULE

这时,我们插入两条记录,其中一条的主键值已经存在,直接忽略掉。 实际插入的记录数为1.
t_girl=# insert into insert_ignore values(1,current_time),(2,current_time);
INSERT 0 1
t_girl=# select * from insert_ignore;
id |    log_time    
----+-----------------
  1 | 14:44:12.37185
  2 | 14:48:22.222848
(2 rows)


第二种方法, 建立一个返回NULL的触发器函数。 那么函数体如下: 

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t_girl=# create or replace function sp_insert_ignore() returns trigger as

 $ytt$

 begin

   perform  1 from insert_ignore where id = new.id;

   if found then

     return null;

  end if;

  return new;

end;

$ytt$ language 'plpgsql';

CREATE FUNCTION

 

 

对应的触发器如下:

t_girl=# create trigger tr_ib_insert_ignore before insert on insert_ignore for each row execute procedure sp_insert_ignore();

CREATE TRIGGER

 

 

继续插入两条记录。

t_girl=# insert into insert_ignore values (3,current_time),(2,current_time);

INSERT 0 1

t_girl=# select * from insert_ignore;

 id |    log_time    

----+-----------------

  1 | 14:44:12.37185

  2 | 14:48:22.222848

  3 | 15:05:33.198847

(3 rows)

 

 

OK。目的达到了。 

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t_girl=# insert into insert_ignore

        with ytt_test(f1,f2) as (

                            values(6,current_time),(3,current_time)

                            )

                            select a.* from ytt_test as a where a.f1 not in (select id from insert_ignore as b);                         

INSERT 0 1

查看记录,,插入了一条ID为6的记录,忽略了ID为3的记录。

t_girl=# select * from insert_ignore;

 id |    log_time    

----+-----------------

  1 | 14:44:12.37185

  2 | 14:48:22.222848

  3 | 15:05:33.198847

  6 | 15:15:52.297802

(4 rows)

 

第四种,用存储过程来代替INSERT处理。

t_girl=# create or replace function sp_insert_ignore ( IN f_id int, IN f_log_time time without time zone ) returns void as $ytt$ begin insert into insert_ignore values (f_id,f_log_time); exception when unique_violation then raise notice 'Duplicated Key Error on ID:%',f_id; return; end; $ytt$ language plpgsql; 第一次调用,抛出了错误。 t_girl=# select sp_insert_ignore(1,'14:22:35'::time); NOTICE: Duplicated Key Error on ID:1 sp_insert_ignore ------------------ (1 row) 第二次正常插入。 t_girl=# select sp_insert_ignore(8,'14:22:35'::time); sp_insert_ignore ------------------ (1 row) t_girl=# select * from insert_ignore; id | log_time ----+----------------- 1 | 14:44:12.37185 2 | 14:48:22.222848 3 | 15:05:33.198847 6 | 15:15:52.297802 8 | 14:22:35 (5 rows) t_girl=# OK,目的也达到了。

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