search
HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial使用JDBC连接数据库

使用JDBC连接数据库

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:00 PM
javajdbcusedatabaseconnect

JDBC是Java数据库连接技术,他能实现Java程序对各种数据库的访问。由一组使用Java语言编写的类和接口组成,他们位于java.sql和javax.sql中。 JDBC是一种用于执行SQL语句的java API,JDBC并不能直接访问数据库,需要依赖于数据库厂商提供的JDBC驱动程序。 JDB

JDBC是Java数据库连接技术,他能实现Java程序对各种数据库的访问。由一组使用Java语言编写的类和接口组成,他们位于java.sql和javax.sql中。

JDBC是一种用于执行SQL语句的java API,JDBC并不能直接访问数据库,需要依赖于数据库厂商提供的JDBC驱动程序。

JDBC的编程步骤如下:

1、通过Class.forName();注册驱动。

2、通过DriverManager类的getConnection()方法获得数据库连接。需要给出连接数据库的URL和数据库用户名和密码。

3、用数据库连接对象获得Statement对象,他可以用来执行SQL语句。

4、用Statement对象执行SQL语句。实质上SQL语句是数据库执行的,Statement只是负责发送SQL和接受结果。

5、处理执行结果。查询结果为ResultSet。

6、释放数据库的连接。

因为在开发和部署时可能用到不同的数据库,因此我们可以讲数据库信息写在配置文件中,让程序通过读取配置文件来获得这些信息。

下面看一个示例:

首先看数据库(这里使用Oracle数据库):

\

该数据库公有7个字段,id字段是主键,代表新闻编号;title字段表示新闻标题;summary字段代表新闻摘要,content代表新闻内容;createdate表示新闻创建时间;mindifydate代表新闻最终修改时间。

然后在看java项目中的配置文件。在此之前需要在项目中导入Oracle数据库的驱动包ojdbc14.jar。

jdbc.driver_class=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
jdbc.connection.url=jdbc\:oracle\:thin\:@localhost\:1521\:ORCL
jdbc.connection.username=myhr
jdbc.connection.password=myhr

然后看读取数据库配置文件的工具类。

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;


public class ConfigManager {
	private static ConfigManager configManager;//声明ConfigManager对象
	private static Properties properties;//声明Properties对象
	
	private ConfigManager(){
		String configPath = "database.properties";
		properties = new Properties();
		InputStream in = ConfigManager.class.getResourceAsStream(configPath);
		try {
			properties.load(in);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	private static ConfigManager getInstance(){
		if(configManager == null){
			configManager = new ConfigManager();
		}
		return configManager;
	}
	
	public String getString(String key){
		return properties.getProperty(key);
	}
}

然后看数据库操作代码,看JDBC如何具体操作数据库

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
import java.util.Date;

public class NewsDao {
	Connection connection = null;
	Statement statement = null;
	PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
	ResultSet rs = null;
	//建立与数据库之间的连接
	public void getConnection(){
		//调用工具类的相应方法,得到配置文件中的信息
		String driver = ConfigManager.getInstance().getString("jdbc.driver_class");
		String url = ConfigManager.getInstance().getString("jdbc.connection.url");
		String username = ConfigManager.getInstance().getString("jdbc.connection.username");
		String password = ConfigManager.getInstance().getString("jdbc.connection.password");
		try {
			//使用Class.froName方法加载驱动类
			Class.forName(driver);
			//DriverManager类的getConnection方法建立于数据库连接
			connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	//查询新闻
	public void getNewsList(){
		getConnection();
		String sql = "select * from news";
		try {
			//获得Statement对象
			statement = connection.createStatement();
			//执行SQL语句并得到ResultSet
			rs = statement.executeQuery(sql);
			//处理执行结果
			while(rs.next()){
				int id = rs.getInt("id");
				String title = rs.getString("title");
				String summary = rs.getString("summary");
				String content = rs.getString("content");
				String author = rs.getString("author");
				Timestamp time = rs.getTimestamp("createdate");
				Timestamp last = rs.getTimestamp("MIDIFYDATE");
				System.out.println("新闻id:"+id+" 标题:"+title+" 摘要:"+summary
			+" 内容:"+content+" 作者:"+author+" 创建时间:"+time+" 修改时间:"+last);
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				rs.close();
				statement.close();
				connection.close();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			
		}
	}
	//添加新闻信息
	public void add(int id,String title,String summary,String content,
			String author,Date createdate,Date last){
		getConnection();
		String sql = "insert into news values(?,?,?,?,?,?,?)";
		try {
			pstmt = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
			pstmt.setInt(1, id);
			pstmt.setString(2, title);
			pstmt.setString(3, summary);
			pstmt.setString(4, content);
			pstmt.setString(5, author);
			pstmt.setTimestamp(6, new java.sql.Timestamp(createdate.getTime()));
			pstmt.setTimestamp(7, new java.sql.Timestamp(last.getTime()));
			int i = pstmt.executeUpdate();//i表示插入的行数
			if(i>0)
				System.out.println("插入成功!");
			else
				System.out.println("插入失败!");
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				pstmt.close();
				connection.close();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		
	}
	
}

然后看测试类

import java.util.Date;


public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		NewsDao nd = new NewsDao();
		nd.getNewsList();
		nd.add(2, "有蚊子", "今天竟然有蚊子", "今天竟然真的有蚊子,咬了我好几口!",
				"admin", new Date(), new Date());
	}
}

程序正常运行。

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
How to Grant Permissions to New MySQL UsersHow to Grant Permissions to New MySQL UsersMay 09, 2025 am 12:16 AM

TograntpermissionstonewMySQLusers,followthesesteps:1)AccessMySQLasauserwithsufficientprivileges,2)CreateanewuserwiththeCREATEUSERcommand,3)UsetheGRANTcommandtospecifypermissionslikeSELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,orALLPRIVILEGESonspecificdatabasesortables,and4)

How to Add Users in MySQL: A Step-by-Step GuideHow to Add Users in MySQL: A Step-by-Step GuideMay 09, 2025 am 12:14 AM

ToaddusersinMySQLeffectivelyandsecurely,followthesesteps:1)UsetheCREATEUSERstatementtoaddanewuser,specifyingthehostandastrongpassword.2)GrantnecessaryprivilegesusingtheGRANTstatement,adheringtotheprincipleofleastprivilege.3)Implementsecuritymeasuresl

MySQL: Adding a new user with complex permissionsMySQL: Adding a new user with complex permissionsMay 09, 2025 am 12:09 AM

ToaddanewuserwithcomplexpermissionsinMySQL,followthesesteps:1)CreatetheuserwithCREATEUSER'newuser'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'password';.2)Grantreadaccesstoalltablesin'mydatabase'withGRANTSELECTONmydatabase.TO'newuser'@'localhost';.3)Grantwriteaccessto'

MySQL: String Data Types and CollationsMySQL: String Data Types and CollationsMay 09, 2025 am 12:08 AM

The string data types in MySQL include CHAR, VARCHAR, BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB, and TEXT. The collations determine the comparison and sorting of strings. 1.CHAR is suitable for fixed-length strings, VARCHAR is suitable for variable-length strings. 2.BINARY and VARBINARY are used for binary data, and BLOB and TEXT are used for large object data. 3. Sorting rules such as utf8mb4_unicode_ci ignores upper and lower case and is suitable for user names; utf8mb4_bin is case sensitive and is suitable for fields that require precise comparison.

MySQL: What length should I use for VARCHARs?MySQL: What length should I use for VARCHARs?May 09, 2025 am 12:06 AM

The best MySQLVARCHAR column length selection should be based on data analysis, consider future growth, evaluate performance impacts, and character set requirements. 1) Analyze the data to determine typical lengths; 2) Reserve future expansion space; 3) Pay attention to the impact of large lengths on performance; 4) Consider the impact of character sets on storage. Through these steps, the efficiency and scalability of the database can be optimized.

MySQL BLOB : are there any limits?MySQL BLOB : are there any limits?May 08, 2025 am 12:22 AM

MySQLBLOBshavelimits:TINYBLOB(255bytes),BLOB(65,535bytes),MEDIUMBLOB(16,777,215bytes),andLONGBLOB(4,294,967,295bytes).TouseBLOBseffectively:1)ConsiderperformanceimpactsandstorelargeBLOBsexternally;2)Managebackupsandreplicationcarefully;3)Usepathsinst

MySQL : What are the best tools to automate users creation?MySQL : What are the best tools to automate users creation?May 08, 2025 am 12:22 AM

The best tools and technologies for automating the creation of users in MySQL include: 1. MySQLWorkbench, suitable for small to medium-sized environments, easy to use but high resource consumption; 2. Ansible, suitable for multi-server environments, simple but steep learning curve; 3. Custom Python scripts, flexible but need to ensure script security; 4. Puppet and Chef, suitable for large-scale environments, complex but scalable. Scale, learning curve and integration needs should be considered when choosing.

MySQL: Can I search inside a blob?MySQL: Can I search inside a blob?May 08, 2025 am 12:20 AM

Yes,youcansearchinsideaBLOBinMySQLusingspecifictechniques.1)ConverttheBLOBtoaUTF-8stringwithCONVERTfunctionandsearchusingLIKE.2)ForcompressedBLOBs,useUNCOMPRESSbeforeconversion.3)Considerperformanceimpactsanddataencoding.4)Forcomplexdata,externalproc

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Dreamweaver Mac version

Dreamweaver Mac version

Visual web development tools

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse

Integrate Eclipse with SAP NetWeaver application server.

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

MantisBT

MantisBT

Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

DVWA

DVWA

Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is very vulnerable. Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, to help web developers better understand the process of securing web applications, and to help teachers/students teach/learn in a classroom environment Web application security. The goal of DVWA is to practice some of the most common web vulnerabilities through a simple and straightforward interface, with varying degrees of difficulty. Please note that this software