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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial让你提前认识软件开发(29):数据库脚本文件的布局

第2部分 数据库SQL语言 数据库脚本文件的布局 没有规矩,不成方圆,规范数据库脚本文件的代码布局具有以下重要意义: (1) 可表现出代码良好的逻辑结构,提高代码的准确性、连续性、可读性及可维护性。 (2) 有利于提高产品的开发质量和效率,并降低开发成本。

第2部分 数据库SQL语言

数据库脚本文件的布局

“没有规矩,不成方圆”,规范数据库脚本文件的代码布局具有以下重要意义:

(1) 可表现出代码良好的逻辑结构,提高代码的准确性、连续性、可读性及可维护性。

(2) 有利于提高产品的开发质量和效率,并降低开发成本。

(3) 对于开发人员来说,养成良好的脚本编写习惯有助于提高个人的数据库脚本编程水平,进而提高脚本编程效率。

可见,统一的、良好的脚本代码布局和风格不仅仅是个人主观美学或形式上的问题,而且影响到产品的质量,并涉及到自身脚本编程能力的提高。

1. 脚本布局顺序概述

在实际的软件开发项目中,统一规范脚本布局顺序可方便对代码的阅读,利于后续的维护及测试修改。可采用以下两种方式来布局脚本文件内容:

方式一:

文件头

初始化

用户及访问权限的建立

数据表的创建

存储过程的创建

数据库任务的创建

结束

方式二:

文件头

初始化

数据表的创建

存储过程的创建

数据库任务的创建

用户及访问权限的建立

结束

注意:

(1) 一个普通的脚本文件包含了方式一和方式二中的7个部分。为了便于区分和阅读,各个部分要使用注释块隔离开来(注释符使用“--”)。

(2) “用户及访问权限的建立”可以放在第三部分,也可以放在第六部分。

(3) 各部分前统一使用标注说明,相关内容必须写在对应部分,如果相关内容为空,也必须保留该部分的标注说明。

2. 脚本布局示例

采用方式一,基于Sybase数据库实现的脚本代码示例如下:

--*********************************************************************

--版权所有 (C)2014, Zhou Zhaoxiong。

--数据库版本: Sybase ASE Enterprise 15.0

--内容摘要:脚本文件布局示例

--作 者: Zhou Zhaoxiong

--完成日期: 20140616

--修改记录1:

-- 修改日期:

-- 版本号:

-- 修改人:

-- 修改内容:

--**********************************************************************/

--**************************************************

-- initialization 初始化

--**************************************************

use master

go

use xxx -- 要使用的数据库

go

checkpoint

go

dump tran xxx with no_log -- 日志截断处理

go

--************************************************************

-- user and right creation用户及权限的建立

--************************************************************

exec sp_addalias xxx, dbo

go

--***********************************************************************

-- table creation 数据表的创建

--***********************************************************************

--样例表tb_example

if exists(select 1 from sysobjects where id = object_id('tb_example'))

begin

drop table tb_example

end

go

create table tb_example

(

name varchar(30) not null, --名字

age int not null --年龄

)

go

--创建索引

create index idx_tb_example1 on tb_example(name)

go

--************************************************************

-- procedure creation 存储过程的创建

--************************************************************

--信息查询存储过程pr_selectinfo

--输入参数:@v_name姓名,@v_age 年龄

--输出参数:无

if exists (select 1 from sysobjects where id = object_id('pr_selectinfo'))

begin

drop procedure pr_selectinfo

end

go

create procedure pr_selectinfo

@v_name varchar(30), --姓名

@v_age int --年龄

as

begin

......

end

go

print 'create procedure pr_selectinfo ok'

go

--**************************************************

-- task creation 数据库任务的创建

--**************************************************

……

--**************************************************

-- finalization 结束

--**************************************************

……

在实际的软件项目中,对脚本文件的布局都有其严格的规定,开发人员需要遵照编程规范来书写脚本代码。这不仅有利于对代码的阅读和修改,也有利于团队的技术交流与共享。

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