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使用RMAN进行数据迁移

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2016-06-07 15:55:001309browse

使用RMAN进行数据迁移 1.查看SCN,然后备份数据库 run{ allocate channel c1 type disk; allocate channel c2 type disk; allocat

使用RMAN进行数据迁移

1.查看SCN,然后备份数据库

run{
 allocate channel c1 type disk;
 allocate channel c2 type disk;
 allocate channel c3 type disk;
 allocate channel c4 type disk;
 allocate channel c5 type disk;
 sql 'alter system archive log current';
 backup database tag 'db0'  include current controlfile plus archivelog;
 release channel c1;
 release channel c2;
 release channel c3;
 release channel c4;
 release channel c5;
 }

备份的文件249G,备份用时20分钟

2.将备份传输至目标服务器 (53分钟)

3.在目标服务器还原
 先在$Oracle_HOME/dbs下创建文件 initmvbox.ora
里面只有一行
db_name=mvbox

将数据库启动至nomount
 restore spfile to '/xxxx/spfilemvbox.ora' from '/xxxx/2015_06_11/o1_mf_nnsnf_DB0_bqky8s7r_.bkp';

还原控制文件
shutdown abort;
 startup mount;
 restore controlfile from '/xxxx/2015_06_11/o1_mf_ncnnf_DB0_bqky8pq9_.bkp';
 sql 'alter database mount';

挂载备份
catalog start with '/xxxx/2015_06_11';

还原数据库
run{
 allocate channel c1 type disk;
 allocate channel c2 type disk;
 allocate channel c3 type disk;
 allocate channel c4 type disk;
 allocate channel c5 type disk;
 restore database;
 release channel c1;
 release channel c2;
 release channel c3;
 release channel c4;
 release channel c5;
 }

还原数据库用时 30分钟

4.在目标服务器进行数据库恢复(业务实际停机时间)
首先,业务停机
 然后查看当前的SCN
 select to_char(CURRENT_SCN) from v$database;

备份归档日志
sql 'alter system archive log current';
 run{
 allocate channel c1 type disk;
 allocate channel c2 type disk;
 allocate channel c3 type disk;
 allocate channel c4 type disk;
 allocate channel c5 type disk;
 backup archivelog all tag 'arch0';
 release channel c1;
 release channel c2;
 release channel c3;
 release channel c4;
 release channel c5;
 }

因为在迁移之前,清空过归档日志,所以归档日志只是从备份开始到现在的这段时间
 日志量不大,10分钟以内就可以完成 备份和传输

 清空归档日志的命令(delete noprompt archivelog all;)

挂载归档日志
catalog start with '/xxxx/2015_06_11';

进行不完全恢复,
set until scn xxx
这个数字就是备份归档日志之前查看的SCN

 run{
 shutdown immediate; 
 startup mount; 
 set until scn  79377202898; 
 allocate channel c1 type disk;
 allocate channel c2 type disk;
 allocate channel c3 type disk;
 allocate channel c4 type disk;
 allocate channel c5 type disk;
 recover database;
 release channel c1;
 release channel c2;
 release channel c3;
 release channel c4;
 release channel c5;
 }

恢复用时11分钟(应用归档日志从10:40至14:39,4个小时)

alter database open resetlogs;

迁移完成.

比对MySQL的不完全恢复
 可以发现
MySQL先恢复,再应用binlog,最后还原
 他恢复的时间比较短,主要的时间是应用binlog(每恢复一小时的binlog需要15分钟),最后的还原不需要时间(直接改datadir..)

而Oracle,先还原再恢复
 还原的时间比较长(30分钟),而恢复的时间比较短(每推进一小时的数据需要2到3分钟)
所以,在备份的服务器,保持一个最近还原的备份很重要..最起码会节省30分钟的还原时间..

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Oracle基础教程之通过RMAN复制数据库

RMAN备份策略制定参考内容

RMAN备份学习笔记

Oracle数据库备份加密 RMAN加密

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