search
HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialMySQL 数据库双主改造
MySQL 数据库双主改造Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:46 PM
mysqluseTransformationdatabase

对于使用中的已有了一些数据库的 MySQL, 如何改造成双主呢? 这里写一篇文章, 详细记录操作步骤. 听取各位的意见. 这里假设有两台服务器: A 和 B. 要让他们互为主, 但实际使用时, 不同的服务器只服务不同的 db, 避免出现数据冲突. 1. 修改 nginx 配置, 挂维护

对于使用中的已有了一些数据库的 MySQL, 如何改造成双主呢? 这里写一篇文章, 详细记录操作步骤. 听取各位的意见.

这里假设有两台服务器: A 和 B. 要让他们互为主, 但实际使用时, 不同的服务器只服务不同的 db, 避免出现数据冲突.

1. 修改 nginx 配置, 挂维护页

这一步很重要. 你需要告诉你的用户, 你的网站在维护, 同时要确保不会再出现数据库写操作.

另外, 还要停止 crontab 任务.

2. 备份数据库

Server A:

<span>mysqldump </span><span>-</span><span>uroot </span><span>-</span><span>p </span><span>--</span><span>all</span><span>-</span><span>databases </span><span>></span><span> a_dbdump_all</span><span>.</span><span>sql
gzip a_dbdump_all</span><span>.</span><span>sql</span>

Server B:

<span>mysqldump </span><span>-</span><span>uroot </span><span>-</span><span>p </span><span>--</span><span>all</span><span>-</span><span>databases </span><span>></span><span> b_dbdump_all</span><span>.</span><span>sql
gzip b_dbdump_all</span><span>.</span><span>sql</span>

把线上数据库备份到本地

<span>scp test@server_a</span><span>:~/</span><span>a_dbdump_all</span><span>.</span><span>sql</span><span>.</span><span>gz </span><span>.</span><span>
scp test@server_b</span><span>:~/</span><span>b_dbdump_all</span><span>.</span><span>sql</span><span>.</span><span>gz </span><span>.</span>

3. 新建数据库同步账号

Server A:

<span>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON </span><span>*.*</span><span> TO </span><span>'userx'</span><span>@</span><span>'server_b'</span><span> IDENTIFIED BY </span><span>'xxxxx'</span><span>;</span>

Server B:

<span>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON </span><span>*.*</span><span> TO </span><span>'userx'</span><span>@</span><span>'server_a'</span><span> IDENTIFIED BY </span><span>'xxxxx'</span><span>;</span>

4. 导数据

这一步是手工将两台服务器数据库(基准数据)同步.

Server A:

<span>mysqldump </span><span>-</span><span>uroot </span><span>-</span><span>p </span><span>--</span><span>databases db1 </span><span>></span><span> a_dbdump</span><span>.</span><span>sql
scp a_dbdump</span><span>.</span><span>sql test@server_b</span><span>:~</span>

Server B:

<span>mysqldump </span><span>-</span><span>uroot </span><span>-</span><span>p </span><span>--</span><span>databases db2 </span><span>></span><span> b_dbdump</span><span>.</span><span>sql
scp b_dbdump</span><span>.</span><span>sql test@server_a</span><span>:~</span>

Server A:

<span>source b_dbdump</span><span>.</span><span>sql</span>

Server B:

<span>source a_dbdump</span><span>.</span><span>sql</span>

5. 修改 mysql 配置

Server A:

<span>[</span><span>mysqld</span><span>]</span><span>
server</span><span>-</span><span>id</span><span>=</span><span>1</span><span>
log</span><span>-</span><span>bin</span><span>=</span><span>mysql</span><span>-</span><span>bin
log</span><span>-</span><span>slave</span><span>-</span><span>updates
binlog</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>mysql
binlog</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>test
binlog</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>information_schema
binlog</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>performance_schema
replicate</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>mysql
replicate</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>test
replicate</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>information_schema
replicate</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>performance_schema
master</span><span>-</span><span>connect</span><span>-</span><span>retry</span><span>=</span><span>10</span><span>Server</span><span> B</span><span>:</span><span>[</span><span>mysqld</span><span>]</span><span>
server</span><span>-</span><span>id</span><span>=</span><span>2</span><span>
log</span><span>-</span><span>bin</span><span>=</span><span>mysql</span><span>-</span><span>bin
log</span><span>-</span><span>slave</span><span>-</span><span>updates
binlog</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>mysql
binlog</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>test
binlog</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>information_schema
binlog</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>performance_schema
replicate</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>mysql
replicate</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>test
replicate</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>information_schema
replicate</span><span>-</span><span>ignore</span><span>-</span><span>db</span><span>=</span><span>performance_schema
master</span><span>-</span><span>connect</span><span>-</span><span>retry</span><span>=</span><span>10</span>

注意, 他们的 server-id 不相同.

6. 重启 MySQL, 测试同步账号可用

重启 MySQL.

Server A:

<span>mysql </span><span>-</span><span>hserver_b </span><span>-</span><span>uuserx </span><span>-</span><span>pxxxxx</span>

Server B:

<span>mysql </span><span>-</span><span>hserver_a </span><span>-</span><span>uuserx </span><span>-</span><span>pxxxxx</span>

7. 启动 Slave 线程

Server A:

<span>FLUSH TABLES</span><span>;</span><span>
show master status</span><span>;</span>

会显示这样的信息.

<span>***************************</span><span>1.</span><span> row </span><span>***************************</span><span>File</span><span>:</span><span> mysql</span><span>-</span><span>bin</span><span>.</span><span>000001</span><span>Position</span><span>:</span><span>106</span><span>Binlog_Do_DB</span><span>:</span><span>Binlog_Ignore_DB</span><span>:</span><span> mysql</span><span>,</span><span>test</span><span>,</span><span>information_schema</span><span>,</span><span>performance_schema
</span><span>1</span><span> row </span><span>in</span><span>set</span><span>(</span><span>0.00</span><span> sec</span><span>)</span>

记录 File 和 Position, 这时 binlog 的当前位置, 因为 Slave 要从这个位置开始同步数据.

Server B:

<span>CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST</span><span>=</span><span>'server_a'</span><span>;</span><span>
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_USER</span><span>=</span><span>'userx'</span><span>;</span><span>
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_PASSWORD</span><span>=</span><span>'xxxxx'</span><span>;</span><span>
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE</span><span>=</span><span>'mysql-bin.000001'</span><span>,</span><span> MASTER_LOG_POS</span><span>=</span><span>106</span><span>;</span><span>
start slave</span><span>;</span><span>
show slave status\G</span>

同样的, 在 Server A 上也启动同步 Slave 进程.

因为我们确保了没有数据库写操作, 所以不需要 FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;.

8. 验证

在不同的数据库上执行一些更新数据的操作, 看看数据是否同步过去了.

9. 完成

恢复 crontab 任务
修改 nginx, 撤下维护网页, 恢复服务
如果你有什么问题, 或者发现里这些步骤的不足, 欢迎评论!

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
图文详解mysql架构原理图文详解mysql架构原理May 17, 2022 pm 05:54 PM

本篇文章给大家带来了关于mysql的相关知识,其中主要介绍了关于架构原理的相关内容,MySQL Server架构自顶向下大致可以分网络连接层、服务层、存储引擎层和系统文件层,下面一起来看一下,希望对大家有帮助。

mysql怎么替换换行符mysql怎么替换换行符Apr 18, 2022 pm 03:14 PM

在mysql中,可以利用char()和REPLACE()函数来替换换行符;REPLACE()函数可以用新字符串替换列中的换行符,而换行符可使用“char(13)”来表示,语法为“replace(字段名,char(13),'新字符串') ”。

mysql怎么去掉第一个字符mysql怎么去掉第一个字符May 19, 2022 am 10:21 AM

方法:1、利用right函数,语法为“update 表名 set 指定字段 = right(指定字段, length(指定字段)-1)...”;2、利用substring函数,语法为“select substring(指定字段,2)..”。

mysql的msi与zip版本有什么区别mysql的msi与zip版本有什么区别May 16, 2022 pm 04:33 PM

mysql的msi与zip版本的区别:1、zip包含的安装程序是一种主动安装,而msi包含的是被installer所用的安装文件以提交请求的方式安装;2、zip是一种数据压缩和文档存储的文件格式,msi是微软格式的安装包。

mysql怎么将varchar转换为int类型mysql怎么将varchar转换为int类型May 12, 2022 pm 04:51 PM

转换方法:1、利用cast函数,语法“select * from 表名 order by cast(字段名 as SIGNED)”;2、利用“select * from 表名 order by CONVERT(字段名,SIGNED)”语句。

MySQL复制技术之异步复制和半同步复制MySQL复制技术之异步复制和半同步复制Apr 25, 2022 pm 07:21 PM

本篇文章给大家带来了关于mysql的相关知识,其中主要介绍了关于MySQL复制技术的相关问题,包括了异步复制、半同步复制等等内容,下面一起来看一下,希望对大家有帮助。

带你把MySQL索引吃透了带你把MySQL索引吃透了Apr 22, 2022 am 11:48 AM

本篇文章给大家带来了关于mysql的相关知识,其中主要介绍了mysql高级篇的一些问题,包括了索引是什么、索引底层实现等等问题,下面一起来看一下,希望对大家有帮助。

mysql怎么判断是否是数字类型mysql怎么判断是否是数字类型May 16, 2022 am 10:09 AM

在mysql中,可以利用REGEXP运算符判断数据是否是数字类型,语法为“String REGEXP '[^0-9.]'”;该运算符是正则表达式的缩写,若数据字符中含有数字时,返回的结果是true,反之返回的结果是false。

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Repo: How To Revive Teammates
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
2 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Hello Kitty Island Adventure: How To Get Giant Seeds
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Dreamweaver Mac version

Dreamweaver Mac version

Visual web development tools

VSCode Windows 64-bit Download

VSCode Windows 64-bit Download

A free and powerful IDE editor launched by Microsoft

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.

PhpStorm Mac version

PhpStorm Mac version

The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse

Integrate Eclipse with SAP NetWeaver application server.