深入理解Oracle索引(18):函数索引的陷阱以及如何避免索引被污染
㈠ 函数索引的陷阱 使用函数索引一定要注意在函数代码变更后重建函数索引、否则、Oracle将返回错误结果但不给提示 测试如下: [plain] view plaincopyprint? SPANstyle=BACKGROUND-COLOR:rgb(102,102,102)hr@ORCLdroptabletpurge; Tabledropped. hr@ORCLcrea
㈠ 函数索引的陷阱使用函数索引一定要注意在函数代码变更后重建函数索引、否则、Oracle将返回错误结果但不给提示
测试如下:
[plain] view plaincopyprint?
- hr@ORCL> drop table t purge;
- Table dropped.
- hr@ORCL> create table t (x number,y varchar2(30));
- Table created.
- hr@ORCL> insert into t select rownum,rownum||'a' from dual connect by rownum
- 999 rows created.
- hr@ORCL> ed
- Wrote file afiedt.buf
- 1 create or replace function f_david(p_value varchar2) return varchar2
- 2 deterministic is
- 3 begin
- 4 return p_value;
- 5* end;
- 6
- 7 /
- Function created.
- hr@ORCL> create index idx_f_david_t on t (f_david(y));
- Index created.
- hr@ORCL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>'HR',tabname=>'T',estimate_percent=>100,cascade=>TRUE,no_invalidate=>false);
- PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
- hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a';
- X Y
- ---------- ------------------------------
- 8 8a
- hr@ORCL> ed //ed是什么splplus命令?
- Wrote file afiedt.buf
- 1 create or replace function f_david(p_value varchar2) return varchar2
- 2 deterministic is
- 3 begin
- 4 return p_value||'b';
- 5* end;
- hr@ORCL> /
- Function created.
- /* 此时的函数 f_david 已经不是我们所认识的那个了、但是查询依然如故!!!*/
- hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a';
- X Y
- ---------- ------------------------------
- 8 8a
- /* 索引重建查询没有记录、这才是我们要的正确结果*/
- hr@ORCL> drop index idx_f_david_t;
- Index dropped.
- hr@ORCL> create index idx_f_david_t on t (f_david(y));
- Index created.
- hr@ORCL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>'HR',tabname=>'T',estimate_percent=>100,cascade=>TRUE,no_invalidate=>false);
- PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
- hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a';
- no rows selected
<span>hr@ORCL> drop table t purge; Table dropped. hr@ORCL> create table t (x number,y varchar2(30)); Table created. hr@ORCL> insert into t select rownum,rownum||'a' from dual connect by rownum ed Wrote file afiedt.buf 1 create or replace function f_david(p_value varchar2) return varchar2 2 deterministic is 3 begin 4 return p_value; 5* end; 6 7 / Function created. hr@ORCL> create index idx_f_david_t on t (f_david(y)); Index created. hr@ORCL> <span><span><strong>exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>'HR',tabname=>'T',estimate_percent=>100,cascade=>TRUE,no_invalidate=>false); //这句话什么意思?</strong> </span> </span>PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a'; X Y ---------- ------------------------------ 8 8a hr@ORCL> ed Wrote file afiedt.buf 1 create or replace function f_david(p_value varchar2) return varchar2 2 deterministic is 3 begin 4 return p_value||'b'; 5* end; hr@ORCL> / Function created. /* 此时的函数 f_david 已经不是我们所认识的那个了、但是查询依然如故!!!*/ hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a'; X Y ---------- ------------------------------ 8 8a /* 索引重建查询没有记录、这才是我们要的正确结果*/ hr@ORCL> drop index idx_f_david_t; Index dropped. hr@ORCL> create index idx_f_david_t on t (f_david(y)); Index created. hr@ORCL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>'HR',tabname=>'T',estimate_percent=>100,cascade=>TRUE,no_invalidate=>false); PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a'; no rows selected</span>
㈡ 避免索引被污染
这里给出 2 条意见、
① 不要在字段前增加函数
如:
to_char(start_time,'yyyy.mm.dd') between '2013.06.06' and '2013.06.10'
和
start_time between to_date('2013.06.06','yyyy.mm.dd') and to_date('2013.06.10','yyyy.mm.dd')
任何时候都应该是第二种!!!
② 不要把字段嵌入到表达式中
如:
start_time + 7
和
start_time
By David Lin
2013-06-06
Good Luck

MySQL index cardinality has a significant impact on query performance: 1. High cardinality index can more effectively narrow the data range and improve query efficiency; 2. Low cardinality index may lead to full table scanning and reduce query performance; 3. In joint index, high cardinality sequences should be placed in front to optimize query.

The MySQL learning path includes basic knowledge, core concepts, usage examples, and optimization techniques. 1) Understand basic concepts such as tables, rows, columns, and SQL queries. 2) Learn the definition, working principles and advantages of MySQL. 3) Master basic CRUD operations and advanced usage, such as indexes and stored procedures. 4) Familiar with common error debugging and performance optimization suggestions, such as rational use of indexes and optimization queries. Through these steps, you will have a full grasp of the use and optimization of MySQL.

MySQL's real-world applications include basic database design and complex query optimization. 1) Basic usage: used to store and manage user data, such as inserting, querying, updating and deleting user information. 2) Advanced usage: Handle complex business logic, such as order and inventory management of e-commerce platforms. 3) Performance optimization: Improve performance by rationally using indexes, partition tables and query caches.

SQL commands in MySQL can be divided into categories such as DDL, DML, DQL, DCL, etc., and are used to create, modify, delete databases and tables, insert, update, delete data, and perform complex query operations. 1. Basic usage includes CREATETABLE creation table, INSERTINTO insert data, and SELECT query data. 2. Advanced usage involves JOIN for table joins, subqueries and GROUPBY for data aggregation. 3. Common errors such as syntax errors, data type mismatch and permission problems can be debugged through syntax checking, data type conversion and permission management. 4. Performance optimization suggestions include using indexes, avoiding full table scanning, optimizing JOIN operations and using transactions to ensure data consistency.

InnoDB achieves atomicity through undolog, consistency and isolation through locking mechanism and MVCC, and persistence through redolog. 1) Atomicity: Use undolog to record the original data to ensure that the transaction can be rolled back. 2) Consistency: Ensure the data consistency through row-level locking and MVCC. 3) Isolation: Supports multiple isolation levels, and REPEATABLEREAD is used by default. 4) Persistence: Use redolog to record modifications to ensure that data is saved for a long time.

MySQL's position in databases and programming is very important. It is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in various application scenarios. 1) MySQL provides efficient data storage, organization and retrieval functions, supporting Web, mobile and enterprise-level systems. 2) It uses a client-server architecture, supports multiple storage engines and index optimization. 3) Basic usages include creating tables and inserting data, and advanced usages involve multi-table JOINs and complex queries. 4) Frequently asked questions such as SQL syntax errors and performance issues can be debugged through the EXPLAIN command and slow query log. 5) Performance optimization methods include rational use of indexes, optimized query and use of caches. Best practices include using transactions and PreparedStatemen

MySQL is suitable for small and large enterprises. 1) Small businesses can use MySQL for basic data management, such as storing customer information. 2) Large enterprises can use MySQL to process massive data and complex business logic to optimize query performance and transaction processing.

InnoDB effectively prevents phantom reading through Next-KeyLocking mechanism. 1) Next-KeyLocking combines row lock and gap lock to lock records and their gaps to prevent new records from being inserted. 2) In practical applications, by optimizing query and adjusting isolation levels, lock competition can be reduced and concurrency performance can be improved.


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

MantisBT
Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

Atom editor mac version download
The most popular open source editor

SublimeText3 Linux new version
SublimeText3 Linux latest version

DVWA
Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is very vulnerable. Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, to help web developers better understand the process of securing web applications, and to help teachers/students teach/learn in a classroom environment Web application security. The goal of DVWA is to practice some of the most common web vulnerabilities through a simple and straightforward interface, with varying degrees of difficulty. Please note that this software

mPDF
mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),