一,为什么要开启这个查询呢? 数据库是很容易产生瓶颈的地方,现在Nosql大家讨论这么热,估计都被数据库搞郁闷了。mysql中最影响速度的就是那些查询非常慢的语句,这些慢的语句,可能是写的不够合理或者是大数据下多表的联合查询等等,所以我们要找出这些语
一,为什么要开启这个查询呢?
数据库是很容易产生瓶颈的地方,现在Nosql大家讨论这么热,估计都被数据库搞郁闷了。mysql中最影响速度的就是那些查询非常慢的语句,这些慢的语句,可能是写的不够合理或者是大数据下多表的联合查询等等,所以我们要找出这些语句,分析原因,加以优化。这也是发这篇博文的原因
二,开启mysql的慢查询
方法1,用命令开启慢查询
查看复制打印?
- mysql> show variables like "%long%"; //查看一下默认为慢查询的时间10秒
- +-----------------+-----------+
- | Variable_name | Value |
- +-----------------+-----------+
- | long_query_time | 10.000000 |
- +-----------------+-----------+
- 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
-
- mysql> set global long_query_time=2; //设置成2秒,加上global,下次进mysql已然生效
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
-
- mysql> show variables like "%slow%"; //查看一下慢查询是不是已经开启
- +---------------------+---------------------------------+
- | Variable_name | Value |
- +---------------------+---------------------------------+
- | log_slow_queries | OFF |
- | slow_launch_time | 2 |
- | slow_query_log | OFF |
- | slow_query_log_file | /usr/local/mysql/mysql-slow.log |
- +---------------------+---------------------------------+
- 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-
- mysql> set slow_query_log='ON'; //加上global,不然会报错的。
- ERROR 1229 (HY000): Variable 'slow_query_log' is a GLOBAL variable and should be set with SET GLOBAL
- mysql> set global slow_query_log='ON'; //启用慢查询
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.28 sec)
-
- mysql> show variables like "%slow%"; //查看是否已经开启
- +---------------------+---------------------------------+
- | Variable_name | Value |
- +---------------------+---------------------------------+
- | log_slow_queries | ON |
- | slow_launch_time | 2 |
- | slow_query_log | ON |
- | slow_query_log_file | /usr/local/mysql/mysql-slow.log |
- +---------------------+---------------------------------+
- 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
方法2,修改mysql的配置文件my.cnf
在[mysqld]里面加上以下内容
- long_query_time = 2
- log-slow-queries = /usr/local/mysql/mysql-slow.log
重起一下
/usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld restart
三,分析工具
分析工具干什么事的呢,其实就是把mysql-slow.log里面记录下来的数据,分析一下显示出来。其实自己写一个shell脚本也是可以把要的信息取出来的。我们来看一下mysql-slow.log里面到底是什么东西
查看复制打印?
- [root@BlackGhost mysql]# cat mysql-slow.log //查看命令
- /usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld, Version: 5.1.26-rc-log (Source distribution). started with:
- Tcp port: 3306 Unix socket: /tmp/mysql.sock
- Time Id Command Argument
- # Time: 100814 13:28:30
- # User@Host: root[root] @ localhost []
- # Query_time: 10.096500 Lock_time: 0.045791 Rows_sent: 1 Rows_examined: 2374192
- SET timestamp=1281763710;
- select count(distinct ad_code) as x from ad_visit_history where ad_code in (select ad_code from ad_list where media_id=15);
- # Time: 100814 13:37:02
- # User@Host: root[root] @ localhost []
- # Query_time: 10.394134 Lock_time: 0.000091 Rows_sent: 1 Rows_examined: 2374192
- SET timestamp=1281764222;
- select count(distinct ad_code) as x from ad_visit_history where ad_code in (select ad_code from ad_list where media_id=15);
- # Time: 100814 13:37:16
- # User@Host: root[root] @ localhost []
- # Query_time: 4.608920 Lock_time: 0.000078 Rows_sent: 1 Rows_examined: 1260544
- SET timestamp=1281764236;
- select count(*) as cou from ad_visit_history where ad_code in (select ad_code from ad_list where id=41) order by id desc;
看到了,就是记录一下sql语句的执行情况,包括执行时间,锁定时间等,所以要不要分析工具看个人情况,分析工具很多,在这儿只说一下mysql自带的慢查询分析工具mysqldumpslow的使用方法。
查看复制打印?
- [root@BlackGhost bin]# mysqldumpslow -h
- Option h requires an argument
- ERROR: bad option
-
- Usage: mysqldumpslow [ OPTS... ] [ LOGS... ]
-
- Parse and summarize the MySQL slow query log. Options are
-
- --verbose verbose
- --debug debug
- --help write this text to standard output
-
- -v verbose
- -d debug //查错
- -s ORDER what to sort by (t, at, l, al, r, ar etc), 'at' is default //排序方式query次数,时间,lock的时间和返回的记录数来排序
- -r reverse the sort order (largest last instead of first) //倒排序
- -t NUM just show the top n queries //显示前N多个
- -a don't abstract all numbers to N and strings to 'S'
- -n NUM abstract numbers with at least n digits within names //抽象的数字,至 少有n位内的名称
- -g PATTERN grep: only consider stmts that include this string //配置模式
- -h HOSTNAME hostname of db server for *-slow.log filename (can be wildcard), //mysql所以机器名或者IP
- default is '*', i.e. match all
- -i NAME name of server instance (if using mysql.server startup script)
- -l don't subtract lock time from total time //总时间中不减去锁定时间
例子:
[root@BlackGhost bin]# ./mysqldumpslow -s r -t 20 /usr/local/mysql/mysql-slow.log
[root@BlackGhost bin]# ./mysqldumpslow -s r -t 20 -g 'count' /usr/local/mysql/mysql-slow.log
-----整理自网上
Statement:The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn