Oracle Study之--IPCS管理共享内存 U nix/linux下的共享内存、信号量、队列信息管理 在unix/linux下,经常有因为共享内存、信号量,队列等共享信息没有干净地清除而引起一些问题。 查看共享信息的内存的命令是:ipcs [-m|-s|-q]。 默认会列出共享内存、信号量
Oracle Study之--IPCS管理共享内存
Unix/linux下的共享内存、信号量、队列信息管理
在unix/linux下,经常有因为共享内存、信号量,队列等共享信息没有干净地清除而引起一些问题。
查看共享信息的内存的命令是:ipcs [-m|-s|-q]。
默认会列出共享内存、信号量,队列信息
-m列出共享内存
-s列出共享信号量
-q列出共享队列
清除命令是:ipcrm [-m|-s|-q] id。
-m 删除共享内存
-s删除共享信号量
-q删除共享队列。
案例分析:
[oracle@trade_as02 ~]$ ipcs -a ------ Shared Memory Segments -------- key shmid owner perms bytes nattch status 0x30024289 32768 futures 777 528384 1 0xca2fd414 491521 oracle 640 1730150400 16 ------ Semaphore Arrays -------- key semid owner perms nsems 0x00028009 0 futures 666 1 0x0002800c 32769 futures 666 1 0x30024003 262146 futures 777 3 0x3002428a 294915 futures 777 2 0x3002428b 327684 futures 777 2 0x3002428c 360453 futures 777 2 0x3002428d 393222 futures 777 2 0x3002428e 425991 futures 777 2 0x52dff7d0 3964936 oracle 640 151 0x52dff7d1 3997705 oracle 640 151 0x52dff7d2 4030474 oracle 640 151 0x52dff7d3 4063243 oracle 640 151 0x52dff7d4 4096012 oracle 640 151 ------ Message Queues -------- key msqid owner perms used-bytes messages
共享内存段有时不能马上删除,需使用这个内存段的所有进程向OS发送detach命令时才有释放,此时可以考虑删除进程使用的信号量,帮助释放共享内存段
相关知识:信号量、资源释放、ipcs、ipcrm
信号量又称为信号灯,它是用来协调不同进程间的数据对象的,而最主要的应用是共享内存方式的进程间通信。本质上,信号量是一个计数器,它用来记录对某个资源(如共享内存)的存取状况;共享内存是运行在同一台机器上的进程间通信最快的方式,因为数据不需要在不同的进程间复制。通常由一个进程创建一块共享内存区,其余进程对这块内存区进行读写。在Linux系统下 ,常用的方式是通过shmXXX函数族来实现利用共享内存进行存储的。如Shmget,类似于 malloc函数
ipcs可用来显示当前Linux系统中的共享内存段、信号量集、消息队列等的使用情况。
命令示例: ipcs -a或ipc 显示当前系统中共享内存段、信号量集、消息队列的使用情况; ipcs -m 显示共享内存段的使用情况; ipcs -s 显示信号量集的使用情况; ipcs -q 显示消息队列的使用情况;
ipcrm可用来删除对应的共享内存段、信号量、消息队列;
命令示例: ipcrm -s semid 删除对应的信号量集 ipcrm -m shmid 删除对应的共享内存段 ipcrm -q msqid 删除对应的消息队列 ipcrm本身只能实现单个资源的删除,利用以下命令可实现批量删除: 1.ipcs -s|grep 用户名|cut -d" " -f2|xargs -n1 ipcrm -s 2.ipcs -s|awk '/用户名/{print $2}'|xargs -n1 ipcrm -s 3.ipcs -s|awk '/用户名/{system("ipcrm -s "$2)}' 4.for i in echo `ipcs|grep 用户名|cut -d" " -f2`; do ipcrm -s $i; done
更深入的了解:
Oracle 内存段参数设定: [root@rh6 ~]# sysctl -p net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 kernel.sysrq = 0 kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables" is an unknown key error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables" is an unknown key error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables" is an unknown key fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 536870912 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

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