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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorial设计模式 - PHP里引入Java中数据注入变量的概念具体如何实现?

@joyqi 在 infoq 的采访中提到:

在框架上来说我们在PHP里引入了Java中注入变量的概念,虽然不是完全相同,但也已经到了神似。实现起来其实很简单,只是几个PHP的小技巧,但是却解决了PHP项目中一个让人头疼的问题,就是模块的自由引用。

后面又有 @gaosboy 提到:

多场景要求不同的数据模型进行不同组合,而我们却不需要为这些场景分别定义数据结构,只需要在使用时直接调用,框架会在运行时注入数据。

没看懂,可以分享一下具体如何实现吗?谢谢。

回复内容:

@joyqi 在 infoq 的采访中提到:

在框架上来说我们在PHP里引入了Java中注入变量的概念,虽然不是完全相同,但也已经到了神似。实现起来其实很简单,只是几个PHP的小技巧,但是却解决了PHP项目中一个让人头疼的问题,就是模块的自由引用。

后面又有 @gaosboy 提到:

多场景要求不同的数据模型进行不同组合,而我们却不需要为这些场景分别定义数据结构,只需要在使用时直接调用,框架会在运行时注入数据。

没看懂,可以分享一下具体如何实现吗?谢谢。

其实吧,没有大家想象的这么复杂,Zend Framework以把简单的事情搞复杂而著称,其实类中的变量注入过程可以总结为如下过程

class A
{
    private $myObject;

    public function setMyObject($myObject)
    {
        $this->myObject = $myObject;
    }
}

$a = new A();
$a->setMyObject(new Object());

一句话说就是将一个外部对象引入作为类的内部属性,只不过我在框架设计时不想绕这么多弯,在java中是通过反射机制探测要注入的对象,所以你得写一堆set方法,因为java是常驻内存的,所以第一次注入时慢一点无所谓,但是如果php也这么搞效率就太低了。所以我反其道而行之,不需要让一个class来声明外部要注入什么变量,只需要知道我要用哪些变量就行了,其具体技巧在于__get这个magic method里

class Base
{
    public __get($varName)
    {
        $className = ucfirst($varName);
        $this->{$varName} = new $className;
        return $this->{$varName};
    }
}

这样,当我在继承自Base的class里随便调用一个不存在的变量,比如$this->userModel,它就会通过调用__get方法,自动初始化new UserModel(),并且将这个变量set到当前类的属性中,第二次调用就不必初始化了。

这只是个具体思路,具体的匹配和初始化规则会更复杂,而且你可能还需要实现单例模式,避免在不同的类中重复初始化相同的对象,不过这些都很简单了,最重要的就是这一步思路,说破了其实也很简单,相信很多朋友早已用过了。

应该是指依赖注入吧,参考Zf2的实现,非常完美,几乎考虑到了各种DI的场景

http://framework.zend.com/manual/2.0/...

源代码:

https://github.com/zendframework/zf2/...

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