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PHP文件上传

longlong
longlong原创
2020年08月03日 10:57:16609浏览

1. 单文件上传

  1. <?php
  3. // 可以将判断的信息异常捕获放入try...catch...模块中
  7. echo '<pre>'.print_r($_FILES,true).'</pre>';
  11. // 1. 自定义上传异常类（继承系统的Exception）
  13. class UploadException extends Exception
  15. {
  17.     public function __toString()
  19.     {
  21.         // 将捕获的异常信息放入表格中
  23.         return <<< ERROR
  25.             <table>
  27.                 <tr>
  29.                     <td>异常编号</td>
  31.                     <td>异常信息</td>
  33.                     <td>异常文件</td>
  35.                     <td>异常行数</td>
  37.                 </tr>
  39.                 <tr>
  41.                     <td>$this->code</td>
  43.                     <td>$this->message</td>
  45.                     <td>$this->file</td>
  47.                     <td>$this->line</td>
  49.                 </tr>
  51.             </table>
  53.             <style>
  55.                 table{border-collapse: collapse;border: 1px solid black;text-align: center;}
  57.                 td{padding: 8px;border: 1px solid black;}
  59.                 tr:first-of-type{background-color: gray;color: white;}
  61.                 tr:last-of-type{color: red;}
  63.             </style>
  65.         ERROR;
  67.     }
  69. }
  71. try {
  73.     // 2. 判断错误代码值，抛出相应的异常信息
  75.     $errorCode = $_FILES['file_name']['error'] ?? null;
  77.     if ($errorCode > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  79.         switch ($errorCode) {
  81.             case  UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE :
  83.                 throw new UploadException('文件超过`php.ini`中`upload_max_filesize`值',1);
  85.             break;
  87.             case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE :
  89.                 throw new UploadException('文件大小超过表单中`MAX_FILE_SIZE`指定的值',2);
  91.             break;
  93.             case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL :
  95.                 throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传',3);
  97.             break;
  99.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE :
  101.                 throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传',4);
  103.             break;
  105.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR :
  107.                 throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹',6);
  109.             break;
  111.             default:
  113.             throw new UploadException("未知错误，上传失败", 7);
  115.         }
  117.     }
  120.     // 3. 判断临时文件上传方式是否正确，抛出相应异常信息
  122.     $tempFileName = $_FILES['file_name']['tmp_name'] ?? null;
  124.     // 如果不是POST方式上传，抛出异常
  126.     if($_POST['btn'] === 1){
  128.         if (!($tempFileName && is_uploaded_file($tempFileName))){
  130.             throw new UploadException('上传方式有误',8);
  132.         }
  134.     } 
  136.     // 如果上传方式正确，将临时文件储存到uploads目录下
  138.     if ($tempFileName && is_uploaded_file($tempFileName)){
  140.         $originalFileName = $_FILES['file_name']['name'] ?? null;
  142.         $destination = 'uploads/'.md5(time()).mt_rand(1,10000).strstr($originalFileName,".");
  144.         if(move_uploaded_file($tempFileName,$destination)){
  146.             echo "<br>临时文件储存在： ".$tempFileName;
  148.             echo "<br>现在文件被移动到： ".$destination;
  150.             echo "<br>文件上传成功";
  152.             echo "<br><img src='{$destination}' width='180'>";
  154.         }
  156.     }
  158.     // 4. 判断文件类型是否正确，抛出相应异常信息
  160.     $fileType = $_FILES['file_name']['type'] ?? null;
  162.     $endType = strstr($fileType,"/",true);
  164.     if (!is_null($fileType)){
  166.         if($endType !== "image")
  168.         throw new UploadException('上传文件格式错误，请上传image类型的图片',9);                   
  170.     }
  172. } catch (UploadException $e) {
  174.     echo $e;
  176. }
  178. ?>
  180. <!DOCTYPE html>
  182. <html lang="en">
  184.   <head>
  186.     <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  188.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
  190.     <title>文件上传异常处理</title>
  192.   </head>
  194.   <body>
  196.     <form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  198.       <fieldset>
  200.         <legend>单文件上传</legend>
  202.         <!-- 设置前端上传文件的大小 -->
  204.         <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="380000">
  206.         <input type="file" name="file_name"  /> 
  208.         <button name="btn" value="1">上传</button>
  210.       </fieldset>
  212.     </form>
  214.   </body>
  216. </html>

2. 多文件上传方式一：使用多个<input>

  1. <?php
  2. error_reporting(E_ALL);
  3. echo '<pre>'.print_r($_FILES,true).'</pre>';
  5. // 1. 自定义异常
  6. class UploadException extends Exception
  7. {
  8.     public function __toString()
  9.     {
  10.         // 将捕获的异常信息放入表格中
  11.         return <<< ERROR
  12.             <table>
  13.                 <tr>
  14.                     <td>异常编号</td>
  15.                     <td>异常信息</td>
  16.                     <td>异常文件</td>
  17.                     <td>异常行数</td>
  18.                 </tr>
  19.                 <tr>
  20.                     <td>$this->code</td>
  21.                     <td>$this->message</td>
  22.                     <td>$this->file</td>
  23.                     <td>$this->line</td>
  24.                 </tr>
  25.             </table>
  26.             <style>
  27.                 table{border-collapse: collapse;border: 1px solid black;text-align: center;}
  28.                 td{padding: 8px;border: 1px solid black;}
  29.                 tr:first-of-type{background-color: gray;color: white;}
  30.                 tr:last-of-type{color: red;}
  31.             </style>
  32.         ERROR;
  33.     }
  34. }
  36. try {
  37.     // 多文件上传时，先遍历$_FILES
  38.     foreach($_FILES as $file){
  39.         // 2. 判断错误代码值，抛出相应的异常信息
  40.         $errorCode = $file['error'] ?? null;
  41.         if ($errorCode > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  42.             switch ($errorCode) {
  43.                 case  UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE :
  44.                     throw new UploadException('文件超过`php.ini`中`upload_max_filesize`值',1);
  45.                 break;
  46.                 case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE :
  47.                     throw new UploadException('文件大小超过表单中`MAX_FILE_SIZE`指定的值',2);
  48.                 break;
  49.                 case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL :
  50.                     throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传',3);
  51.                 break;
  52.                 case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE :
  53.                     throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传',4);
  54.                 break;
  55.                 case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR :
  56.                     throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹',6);
  57.                 break;
  58.                 default:
  59.                 throw new UploadException("未知错误，上传失败", 7);
  60.             }
  61.         }
  63.         // 3. 判断临时文件上传方式是否正确，抛出相应异常信息
  64.         $tmpFileName = $file['tmp_name'] ?? null;
  65.         // 如果不是POST方式上传，抛出异常
  66.         if($_POST['btn'] === 1){
  67.             if (!($tmpFileName && is_uploaded_file($tmpFileName))){
  68.                 throw new UploadException('上传方式有误',8);
  69.             }
  70.         } 
  71.         // 如果上传方式正确，将临时文件储存到uploads目录下
  72.         if ($tmpFileName && is_uploaded_file($tmpFileName)){
  73.             $originalFileName = $file['name'] ?? null;
  74.             $destination = 'uploads/'.md5(time()).mt_rand(1,10000).strstr($originalFileName,".");
  75.             if(move_uploaded_file($tmpFileName,$destination)){
  76.                 echo "<img src='{$destination}' width='180'>";
  77.                 echo "<span style='color:red;font-size:1.5rem;'>{$originalFileName} 上传成功 </span><hr>";
  78.             }
  79.         }
  81.          // 4. 判断文件类型是否正确，抛出相应异常信息
  82.         $fileType = $file['type'] ?? null;
  83.         $endType = strstr($fileType,"/",true);
  85.         if (!is_null($fileType)){
  86.             if($endType !== "image")
  87.             throw new UploadException('上传文件格式错误，请上传image类型的图片',9);                   
  88.         }
  90.     }
  91. } catch (UploadException $e) {
  92.     echo $e;
  93. }
  94. ?>
  95. <!DOCTYPE html>
  96. <html lang="en">
  97. <head>
  98.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  99.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  100.     <title>多文件上传</title>
  101. </head>
  102. <body>
  104.     <form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  105.         <fieldset>
  106.             <legend>批量上传文件</legend>
  107.             <!-- 隐藏域设置上传文件大小,必须写到input:file之前 -->
  108.             <!-- <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="55000"> -->
  109.             <input type="file" name="file1" > <br>
  110.             <input type="file" name="file2" > <br>
  111.             <input type="file" name="file3" >
  112.             <button name="btn" value="1">上传</button>
  113.         </fieldset>
  114.     </form>
  115. </body>
  116. </html>

3. 多文件上传方式二：只有一个<input>

  • upload.php:
  1. <!DOCTYPE html>
  2. <html lang="en">
  3.   <head>
  4.     <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  5.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
  6.     <title>多文件上传批量处理</title>
  7.   </head>
  8.   <body>
  9.     <form action="check.php" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  10.       <fieldset>
  11.         <legend>多文件上传</legend>
  12.         <!-- 设置前端上传文件的大小 -->
  13.         <!-- <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="380000"> -->
  14.         <input type="file" name="file[]" multiple /> 
  15.         <button name="btn" value="1">上传</button>
  16.       </fieldset>
  17.     </form>
  18.   </body>
  19. </html>
  • check.php:
  1. <?php
  2. // 可以将判断的信息异常捕获放入try...catch...模块中
  4. // 测试数据显示的代码，根据测试才有了以下的写法
  5. // echo '<pre>'.print_r($_FILES['file'],true).'</pre>';
  6. // print_r($_FILES['file']['name']);
  7. // print_r($_FILES['file']['type']);
  8. // print_r($names)
  9. // echo $names[0];
  10. // print_r( $types);
  12. // 将三维数组全部转为一维数组，将$_FILES的键值直接保存下来，后期直接遍历相应的数组就可以取出值来
  13. $names = $_FILES['file']['name'];
  14. $types = $_FILES['file']['type'];
  15. $tmp_names = $_FILES['file']['tmp_name'];
  16. $errors = $_FILES['file']['error'];
  17. $sizes = $_FILES['file']['size'];
  19. // 1. 自定义上传异常类（继承系统的Exception）
  20. class UploadException extends Exception
  21. {
  22.     public function __toString()
  23.     {
  24.         // 将捕获的异常信息放入表格中
  25.         return <<< ERROR
  26.             <table>
  27.                 <tr>
  28.                     <td>异常编号</td>
  29.                     <td>异常信息</td>
  30.                     <td>异常文件</td>
  31.                     <td>异常行数</td>
  32.                 </tr>
  33.                 <tr>
  34.                     <td>$this->code</td>
  35.                     <td>$this->message</td>
  36.                     <td>$this->file</td>
  37.                     <td>$this->line</td>
  38.                 </tr>
  39.             </table>
  40.             <style>
  41.                 table{border-collapse: collapse;border: 1px solid black;text-align: center;}
  42.                 td{padding: 8px;border: 1px solid black;}
  43.                 tr:first-of-type{background-color: gray;color: white;}
  44.                 tr:last-of-type{color: red;}
  45.             </style>
  46.         ERROR;
  47.     }
  48. }
  49. try {
  50.     // 2. 判断错误代码值，抛出相应的异常信息
  51.     foreach($errors as $errorCode){
  52.         if ($errorCode > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  53.             switch ($errorCode) {
  54.                 case  UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE :
  55.                     throw new UploadException('文件超过`php.ini`中`upload_max_filesize`值',1);
  56.                 break;
  57.                 case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE :
  58.                     throw new UploadException('文件大小超过表单中`MAX_FILE_SIZE`指定的值',2);
  59.                 break;
  60.                 case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL :
  61.                     throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传',3);
  62.                 break;
  63.                 case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE :
  64.                     throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传',4);
  65.                 break;
  66.                 case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR :
  67.                     throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹',6);
  68.                 break;
  69.                 default:
  70.                 throw new UploadException("未知错误，上传失败", 7);
  71.             }
  72.         }
  73.     }
  75.     // 3. 判断临时文件上传方式是否正确，抛出相应异常信息
  76.     foreach($tmp_names as $index => $tmpFileName){
  77.         // 如果不是POST方式上传，抛出异常
  78.         if($_POST['btn'] === 1){
  79.             if (!($tmpFileName && is_uploaded_file($tmpFileName))){
  80.                 throw new UploadException('上传方式有误',8);
  81.             }
  82.         } 
  84.         // 如果上传方式正确，将临时文件储存到uploads目录下
  85.         // 上面遍历的临时文件名中$index的作用就在这里，根据$tmp_names[$index]就可以取到$names[$index]
  86.         // 因为它们的键名都是相对应的，所以可以通过$index拿到文件名的后缀
  87.         if ($tmpFileName && is_uploaded_file($tmpFileName)){   
  88.           $destination = 'uploads/'.md5(time()).mt_rand(1,10000).strstr($names[$index],".");
  89.           if(move_uploaded_file($tmpFileName,$destination)){
  90.               echo "<img src='{$destination}' width='180'>";
  91.               echo "<span style='color:red;font-size:1.5rem;'> {$names[$index]}上传成功 </span><hr>";     
  92.           }
  93.         }
  94.     }
  96.     // 4. 判断文件类型是否正确，抛出相应异常信息
  97.     foreach($types as $filetype){
  98.       $endType = strstr($fileType,"/",true);
  99.       if (!is_null($fileType)){
  100.           if($endType !== "image")
  101.           throw new UploadException('上传文件格式错误，请上传image类型的图片',9);                   
  102.       }
  103.     }
  105.   } catch (UploadException $e) {
  106.         echo $e;
  107. }
  108. ?>

4. 封装一个类，支持单元件与多文件上传

  • index.php:
  1. <!DOCTYPE html>
  2. <html lang="en">
  3.   <head>
  4.     <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  5.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
  6.     <title>多文件上传批量处理</title>
  7.   </head>
  8.   <body>
  9.     <form action="check.php" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  10.       <fieldset>
  11.         <legend>多文件上传</legend>
  12.         <!-- 设置前端上传文件的大小 -->
  13.         <!-- <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="380000"> -->
  14.         <input type="file" name="file[]" multiple /> 
  15.         <button name="btn" value="1">上传</button>
  16.       </fieldset>
  17.     </form>
  18.   </body>
  19. </html>
  • UploadFile.php:
  1. <?php
  2. // 1. 自定义上传异常类（继承系统的Exception）
  3. class UploadException extends Exception
  4. {
  5.     public function __toString()
  6.     {
  7.         // 将捕获的异常信息放入表格中
  8.         return <<< ERROR
  9.             <table>
  10.                 <tr>
  11.                     <td>异常编号</td>
  12.                     <td>异常信息</td>
  13.                     <td>异常文件</td>
  14.                     <td>异常行数</td>
  15.                 </tr>
  16.                 <tr>
  17.                     <td>$this->code</td>
  18.                     <td>$this->message</td>
  19.                     <td>$this->file</td>
  20.                     <td>$this->line</td>
  21.                 </tr>
  22.             </table>
  23.             <style>
  24.                 table{border-collapse: collapse;border: 1px solid black;text-align: center;}
  25.                 td{padding: 8px;border: 1px solid black;}
  26.                 tr:first-of-type{background-color: gray;color: white;}
  27.                 tr:last-of-type{color: red;}
  28.             </style>
  29.         ERROR;
  30.     }
  31. }
  33. class UploadFile extends UploadException
  34. {
  35.     public $names;
  36.     public $types; 
  37.     public $tmp_names; 
  38.     public $errors; 
  39.     public $sizes;
  41.     public function __construct($types,$tmp_names,$errors,$names,$sizes)
  42.     {
  43.         $this->names = $names;
  44.         $this->types = $types;
  45.         $this->tmp_names = $tmp_names;
  46.         $this->errors = $errors;
  47.         $this->sizes = $sizes;
  48.         return $this->check();
  49.     }
  51.     public function check (){
  52.         try {
  53.             // 2. 判断错误代码值，抛出相应的异常信息
  54.             foreach($this->errors as $errorCode){
  55.                 if ($errorCode > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  56.                     switch ($errorCode) {
  57.                         case  UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE :
  58.                             throw new UploadException('文件超过`php.ini`中`upload_max_filesize`值',1);
  59.                         break;
  60.                         case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE :
  61.                             throw new UploadException('文件大小超过表单中`MAX_FILE_SIZE`指定的值',2);
  62.                         break;
  63.                         case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL :
  64.                             throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传',3);
  65.                         break;
  66.                         case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE :
  67.                             throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传',4);
  68.                         break;
  69.                         case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR :
  70.                             throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹',6);
  71.                         break;
  72.                         default:
  73.                         throw new UploadException("未知错误，上传失败", 7);
  74.                     }
  75.                 }
  76.             }
  78.             // 3. 判断临时文件上传方式是否正确，抛出相应异常信息
  79.             foreach($this->tmp_names as $index => $tmpFileName){
  80.                 // 如果不是POST方式上传，抛出异常
  81.                 if($_POST['btn'] === 1){
  82.                     if (!($tmpFileName && is_uploaded_file($tmpFileName))){
  83.                         throw new UploadException('上传方式有误',8);
  84.                     }
  85.                 } 
  87.                 // 如果上传方式正确，将临时文件储存到uploads目录下
  88.                 // 上面遍历的临时文件名中$index的作用就在这里，根据$tmp_names[$index]就可以取到$names[$index]
  89.                 // 因为它们的键名都是相对应的，所以可以通过$index拿到文件名的后缀
  90.                 if ($tmpFileName && is_uploaded_file($tmpFileName)){   
  91.                   $destination = 'uploads/'.md5(time()).mt_rand(1,10000).strstr($this->names[$index],".");
  92.                   if(move_uploaded_file($tmpFileName,$destination)){
  93.                       echo "<img src='{$destination}' width='180'>";
  94.                       echo "<span style='color:red;font-size:1.5rem;'> {$names[$index]}上传成功 </span><hr>";     
  95.                   }
  96.                 }
  97.             }
  99.             // 4. 判断文件类型是否正确，抛出相应异常信息
  100.             foreach($this->types as $filetype){
  101.               $endType = strstr($fileType,"/",true);
  102.               if (!is_null($fileType)){
  103.                   if($endType !== "image")
  104.                   throw new UploadException('上传文件格式错误，请上传image类型的图片',9);                   
  105.               }
  106.             }
  108.           } catch (UploadException $e) {
  109.                 echo $e;
  110.         }
  111.     }
  113. }
  115. ?>
  • check.php:
  1. <?php
  3.     spl_autoload_register('meth');
  4.     function meth ($class){
  5.         $file = __DIR__.'/'.$class.'.php';
  6.         require_once $file;
  7.     }
  8.     $types = $_FILES['file']['type'] ?? null;
  9.     $tmp_names = $_FILES['file']['tmp_name'] ?? null;
  10.     $errors = $_FILES['file']['error'] ?? null;
  11.     $sizes = $_FILES['file']['size'] ?? null;
  12.     $names = $_FILES['file']['name'] ?? null;
  14.     $obj = new UploadFile($types,$tmp_names,$errors,$names,$sizes);
  16. ?>

5. 总结

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