1.单文件上传,自定义异常类来处理常见错误
- 对错误编码的判断
- 判断文件类型是否正确
- 判断上传方式是否正确
| 序号 | 常量 | 值 | 描述| 1 | `UPLOAD_ERR_OK` | `0` | 没有错误发生,文件上传成功 || 2 | `UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE` | `1` | 文件超过`php.ini`中`upload_max_filesize`值 || 3 | `UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE` | `2` | 文件大小超过表单中`MAX_FILE_SIZE`指定的值 || 4 | `UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL` | `3` | 文件只有部分被上传 || 5 | `UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE` | `4` | 没有文件被上传 || 6 | `UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR` | `6` | 找不到临时文件夹 || 7 | `UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE` | `7` | 文件写入失败 |
- 以下举了一些上传错误的例子
<?phperror_reporting(E_ALL);// $_FILES: 文件上传变量,超全局的变量数组, 保存着所有与文件上传的相关信息printf('<pre>%s</pre>', print_r($_FILES, true));// 自定义文件上传的异常处理类class UploadException extends Exception{public function __toString(){return <<< UPLOAD<table><tr><td>编号</td><td>信息</td><td>文件</td><td>行号</td></tr><tr><td>$this->code</td><td>$this->message</td><td>$this->file</td><td>$this->line</td></tr></table><style>table {border-collapse: collapse;border:1px solid black;text-align: center;}td {border:1px solid black;padding: 5px;}tr:first-of-type {background-color:#eee;}tr:last-of-type td {color: red;}</style>UPLOAD;}}try {// 对错误编码的判断$errorCode = $_FILES['my_pic']['error'] ?? null;// 使用系统常量进行判断if ($errorCode > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {switch ($errorCode) {case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:throw new UploadException('上传的文件超过了 php.ini 中 upload_max_filesize 选项限制的值',1);break;case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:throw new UploadException('上传文件的大小超过了 HTML 表单中 MAX_FILE_SIZE 选项指定的值', 2);break;case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传', 3);break;case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传', 4);break;case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹', 5);break;case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:throw new UploadException('文件写入失败', 6);break;default:// 测试时建议关掉default: 避免误报影响throw new UploadException('未知类型错误', 7);}}// 判断文件类型是否正确$fileType = $_FILES['my_pic']['type'] ?? null;$type = strstr($fileType, '/', true); // "image"// var_dump($fileType);// 不为null时，取反if (!is_null($fileType)) {if ($type !== 'image') throw new UploadException('文件类型错误', 8);}// 判断上传方式是否正确// 临时文件名$tmplFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['tmp_name'] ?? null;// 首先临时文件是存在的,并且必须是通过POST上传的if ($tmplFileName && is_uploaded_file($tmplFileName)) throw new UploadException('上传类型错误', 9);} catch (UploadException $e) {echo $e;}?><!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>文件上传的异常处理</title></head><body><form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data"><fieldset><legend>单文件上传</legend><!-- 隐藏域设置上传文件大小,必须写到input:file之前 --><!-- 前端拦截 --><input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="38000"><input type="file" name="my_pic" id=""><button>上传</button></fieldset></form></body></html>
2.多文件批量上传及异常处理操作
<?phperror_reporting(E_ALL);printf('<pre>%s</pre>', print_r($_FILES, true));// // 自定义文件上传的异常处理类class UploadException extends Exception{public function __toString(){return <<< UPLOAD<table><tr><td>编号</td><td>信息</td><td>文件</td><td>行号</td></tr><tr><td>$this->code</td><td>$this->message</td><td>$this->file</td><td>$this->line</td></tr></table><style>table {border-collapse: collapse;border:1px solid black;text-align: center;}td {border:1px solid black;padding: 5px;}tr:first-of-type {background-color:#eee;}tr:last-of-type td {color: red;}</style>UPLOAD;}}try {// 对错误编码的判断$errorCode = $_FILES['my_pic']['error'] ?? null;// 使用系统常量进行判断if ($errorCode > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {switch ($errorCode) {case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:throw new UploadException('上传的文件超过了 php.ini 中 upload_max_filesize 选项限制的值',1);break;case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:throw new UploadException('上传文件的大小超过了 HTML 表单中 MAX_FILE_SIZE 选项指定的值', 2);break;case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传', 3);break;case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传', 4);break;case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹', 5);break;case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:throw new UploadException('文件写入失败', 6);break;default:// 测试时建议关掉default: 避免误报影响throw new UploadException('未知类型错误', 7);}}// 判断文件类型是否正确$fileType = $_FILES['my_pic']['type'] ?? null;$type = strstr($fileType, '/', true); // "image"if (!is_null($fileType)) {if ($type !== 'image') throw new UploadException('文件类型错误', 8);}// 判断上传方式是否正确// 临时文件名tmplFileName$tmplFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['tmp_name'] ?? null;// 1. 首先临时文件是存在的,并且必须是通过POST上传的if ($tmplFileName && is_uploaded_file($tmplFileName)) {// 2. 将文件从临时目录移动到目标目录中: uploads/// move_uploaded_file(临时文件, 目标文件名)// 原始文件名originalFileName$originalFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['name'] ?? null;echo strstr($originalFileName, '.');// 目标文件名destFileName，如果上传重复了，就得把文件名加密处理，生成随时字符串$destFileName = 'uploads/' . md5(time(). mt_rand(1,1000)) .strstr($originalFileName, '.');// 将临时文件上传到目标文件if (move_uploaded_file($tmplFileName, $destFileName)) {echo '<p>'. $_FILES['my_pic']['name'].': 上传成功</p>';// 预览图片echo "<img src='{$destFileName}' width='200'>";}}} catch (UploadException $e) {echo $e;}// 多文件上传foreach ($_FILES as $file) {// print_r($file);// 判断 $file['error'] 是否为0,如果为0表示上传成功if ($file['error'] === 0) {$destFileName = 'uploads/' . md5(time(). mt_rand(1,1000)) .strstr($file['name'], '.');if (move_uploaded_file($file['tmp_name'], $destFileName)) {echo '<p>'. $file['name'].': 上传成功</p>';// 预览图片echo "<img src='{$destFileName}' width='200'>";}}}?><!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>多文件上传</title></head><body><form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data"><fieldset><legend>批量上传文件</legend><!-- 隐藏域设置上传文件大小,必须写到input:file之前 --><!-- <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="38000"> --><input type="file" name="my_pic1" id=""><input type="file" name="my_pic2" id=""><input type="file" name="my_pic3" id=""><button>上传</button></fieldset></form></body></html>
-总结：
- 单文件上传，有7种错误要进行判断
- 文件必须是通过POST上传的
- 多文件上传，批量上传，文件上传类中同样要做8种错误判断
- 上传重复图片时，就得把文件名加密处理，生成随时字符串，uploads目录里就会自动生成不同的串码