如何将字符串分为JavaScript中的子字符串
- William Shakespeare原创
- 2025-02-09 10:59:10121浏览
<code class="language-html"><!DOCTYPE html>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>JavaScript String Splitting: substring() vs. split()</title>
<h1>JavaScript String Splitting: `substring()` vs. `split()`</h1>
<p>JavaScript offers two primary methods for dividing strings into substrings: `substring()` and `split()`. Each serves a distinct purpose.</p>
<h2>`substring()`</h2>
<p>The `substring()` method extracts a portion of a string based on starting and ending indices. It's ideal for retrieving a single substring from a known position within the string.</p>
<p><strong>Syntax:</strong> <code>string.substring(startIndex, endIndex)</code></p>
<ul>
<li>
<code>startIndex</code>: The index of the first character to include (0-based).</li>
<li>
<code>endIndex</code> (optional): The index *after* the last character to include. If omitted, the substring extends to the end of the string.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Example:</strong></p>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"><code>
const str = "Hello, world!";
const sub = str.substring(7, 12); // Extracts "world"
console.log(sub); // Output: "world"
</code>
>通常，您会使用`indexof（）`来动态确定开始索引或结束索引。
`split（）`
'split（）`方法将字符串根据指定的分隔符将字符串划分为一个子字符串。这非常适合处理包含字符界定项目列表的字符串（例如，逗号分隔的值）。
>语法：string.split(separator, limit)
-
separator：用于分割字符串的字符或字符串。> - （可选）：返回的最大子字符串数量。
limit>
示例：
<code>
const csv = "apple,banana,cherry";
const fruits = csv.split(","); // Splits at each comma
console.log(fruits); // Output: ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
</code>键差| Feature | `substring()` | `split()` |
|---|---|---|
| Output | Substring (string) | Array of substrings |
| Purpose | Extract a portion at specific indices | Split into multiple substrings based on a separator |
| Index-based | Yes | No (separator-based) |
- >使用`substring（）`当您需要从字符串中的已知位置提取单个连续文本时
- >使用'split（）
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