以后进先出表示的对象集合称为堆栈,它是一个根据程序的需要随着向堆栈中添加元素而增加的集合,因此它是一个动态集合栈中可以存储相同类型和不同类型的元素,向栈中添加元素的过程称为将元素压入栈,从栈中移除元素的过程称为将元素从栈中弹出这个堆栈属于 Systems。集合命名空间。
语法:
C# Stack 的语法如下:
Stack stack_name = new Stack();
其中 stack_name 是 stack.l 的名称
C#中Stack有多个构造函数。他们是:
C#中Stack有多种方法。他们是:
以下是c#堆栈的示例:
考虑下面的示例程序来演示 Push() 方法、Pop() 方法、Peek() 方法、Contains() 方法和 Clear() 方法:
代码:
using System; using System.Collections; //a class called program is defined class program { //main method is called public static void Main() { //a new stack is created Stack mystk = new Stack(); //Adding the elements to the newly created stack mystk.Push("India"); mystk.Push("USA"); mystk.Push("Canada"); mystk.Push("Germany"); //displaying the elements of the stack using foreach loop Console.Write("The elements in the Stack are : "); foreach(varele in mystk) { Console.WriteLine(ele); } //using contains() method to check if an element is present in the stack or not Console.WriteLine(mystk.Contains("Germany")); // The count of the elements in the stack is displayed Console.Write("The count of elements in the Stack are : "); Console.WriteLine(mystk.Count); // displaying the top most element of the stack using Peek() method Console.WriteLine("The topmost element in the stack is : " + mystk.Peek()); //Using pop() method to remove the top element in the stack Console.WriteLine("the element of the stack that is going to be removed" + " is: {0}",mystk.Pop()); Console.Write("The elements in the Stack after using pop() method are : "); foreach(var el in mystk) { Console.WriteLine(el); } Console.Write("The count of elements in the Stack after using pop() method is : "); Console.WriteLine(mystk.Count); //using Clear() method to remove all the elements in the stack mystk.Clear(); Console.Write("The count of elements in the Stack after using Clear() method is : "); Console.WriteLine(mystk.Count); } }
输出:
在上面的程序中,定义了一个名为program的类。然后调用main方法。然后创建一个新的堆栈。然后使用 Push() 方法将元素添加到新创建的堆栈中。然后使用 foreach 循环显示新创建的堆栈的元素。然后 contains() 方法用于检查堆栈中是否存在元素。然后使用 count() 方法显示堆栈中元素的数量。然后使用 Peek() 方法显示堆栈最顶层的元素。然后使用 Pop() 方法删除堆栈最顶层的元素。然后使用 Pop() 方法后再次显示元素的计数和堆栈的元素。然后使用Clear()方法删除堆栈中的所有元素。然后在使用 Clear() 方法后再次显示元素的计数和堆栈的元素。程序的输出如上面的快照所示。
Consider the example program below to demonstrate Clone() method, Equals() method, Synchronized() method, CopyTo() method, ToArray() method, GetType() method and GetEnumerator() method:
Code:
using System; using System.Collections; //a class called program is defined class program { // Main Method is called public static void Main(string[] args) { // creating a new stack Stack mystk = new Stack(); mystk.Push("India"); mystk.Push("USA"); mystk.Push("Canada"); mystk.Push("Germany"); Console.Write("The elements in the Stack are : "); foreach(varele in mystk) { Console.WriteLine(ele); } // a clone of the newly created stack is created Stack mystk1 = (Stack)mystk.Clone(); // the top most element of the clone of the newly created stack is removed using pop() method mystk1.Pop(); Console.Write("The elements in the clone of the Stack after using pop() method are : "); //the elements of the clone of the newly created stack is displayed foreach(Object ob in mystk1) Console.WriteLine(ob); //checking if the elements of the clone of the newly created stack and the newly created stack are equal or not Console.Write("The elements in the clone of the Stack and the stack are equal or not : "); Console.WriteLine(mystk.Equals(mystk1)); //Checking if the clone of the newly created stack and the newly created stack is synchronised or not Console.WriteLine("The Clone of the newly created stack is {0}.", mystk1.IsSynchronized ? "Synchronized" : "Not Synchronized"); Console.WriteLine("The newly created stack is {0}.", mystk.IsSynchronized ? "Synchronized" : "Not Synchronized"); //a new array of strings is created and the newly created stack is assigned to this array string[] arra = new string[mystk.Count]; // The elements of the newly created stack is copied to the array mystk.CopyTo(arra, 0); // the elements of the array are displayed Console.Write("The elements of the array copied from the newly created stack are : "); foreach(string st in arra) { Console.WriteLine(st); } //converting the elements of the newly created stack to array using toarray() method Object[] ar1 = mystk.ToArray(); Console.Write("The elements of the array copied from the newly created stack by using ToArray() method are :"); //the elements of the array are displayed foreach(Object st1 in ar1) { Console.WriteLine(st1); } Console.WriteLine("The type of newly created stack before using "+ "ToStringMethod is: "+mystk.GetType()); Console.WriteLine("The type of newly created stack after using "+ "ToString Method is: "+mystk.ToString().GetType()); Console.Write("The elements of the newly created stack after using GetEnumerator() method are : "); //Getenumerator() method is used to obtain the enumerator of thestack IEnumeratorenume = mystk.GetEnumerator(); while (enume.MoveNext()) { Console.WriteLine(enume.Current); } } }
Output:
In the above program, a class called program is defined. Then the main method is called. Then a new stack is created. Then the clone of the newly created stack is created by using the clone() method. Then the topmost element of the clone of the newly created stack is removed using the pop() method. Then the elements of the clone of the newly created method are displayed. Then Equals() method is used to check if the newly created stack and the clone of the newly created stack are equal or not. Then the synchronized() method is used to check if the newly created stack and the clone of the newly created stack are synchronized or not. Then Copyto() method is used to copy the newly created stack to an array and the elements of the array are displayed. Then ToArray() method is used to copy the newly created stack to another array and then the elements of the array are displayed. Then GetType() method is used to obtain the type of the newly created stack. Then ToString() method is used to convert the type stack to string. Then GetEnumerator() method is used to obtain the IEnumerator of the stack. The output of the program is shown in the snapshot above.
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