JS：VSCode 技巧

Discovering little tricks like that can really streamline your workflow. Here are some more tips and tricks for making the most out of your coding experience in VS Code, especially when you're working with Node.js:

1. Integrated Terminal

You already found out about using the terminal in VS Code, but did you know you can split terminals? Use Ctrl + Shift + 5 (or Cmd + Shift + 5 on Mac) to open a split terminal. This is great for running a server in one terminal while executing scripts or running tests in another.

2. Debugger

VS Code has a built-in debugger that works seamlessly with Node.js. Set breakpoints in your code by clicking in the gutter next to the line numbers, and then press F5 to start the debugger. You can step through your code, inspect variables, and view call stacks, making it much easier to find and fix issues.

3. Live Server Extension

If you're working on web projects, the Live Server extension is a game-changer. It automatically refreshes your browser whenever you save changes to your HTML, CSS, or JavaScript files. Just install the extension, right-click your index.html file, and select "Open with Live Server."

4. Emmet Abbreviations

For HTML and CSS, Emmet abbreviations can save you tons of time. For example, typing ul>li*5 and pressing Tab will generate an unordered list with five list items. It's like magic!

5. Prettier Extension

The Prettier code formatter helps keep your code consistent and clean. Install the Prettier extension and then format your code with Alt + Shift + F (or Option + Shift + F on Mac). You can also configure it to format your code on save.

6. Code Snippets

Custom snippets can speed up your coding. Go to File > Preferences > User Snippets and create a new snippet file for JavaScript. For example, you can create a snippet for a console log:

"log": {
    "prefix": "clg",
    "body": ["console.log('$1');"],
    "description": "Log output to console"
}

Now, typing clg followed by Tab will expand to console.log();.

7. IntelliSense

VS Code’s IntelliSense offers intelligent code completion, parameter info, and member lists. For JavaScript, it’s particularly useful when dealing with complex objects or unfamiliar libraries. You can trigger it manually by pressing Ctrl + Space.

8. Extensions for Node.js

There are a few must-have extensions for Node.js developers:

• Node.js Extension Pack: A collection of useful extensions like npm, ESLint, and Node.js Modules Intellisense.
• Nodemon: This extension allows you to use the Nodemon utility which automatically restarts your Node.js application when file changes in the directory are detected.

9. Source Control Integration

VS Code has Git integration built-in. You can manage your repositories, stage changes, make commits, and even resolve merge conflicts directly from the editor. Use the Source Control panel on the left sidebar for all your Git operations.

10. Command Palette

The Command Palette (Ctrl + Shift + P or Cmd + Shift + P on Mac) is the gateway to all VS Code commands. You can quickly search and execute commands, open files, and run extensions without leaving your keyboard.

11. Multi-Cursor Editing

Place multiple cursors in your code by holding Alt (or Option on Mac) and clicking where you want to add a cursor. You can also use Ctrl + Alt + Down (or Cmd + Option + Down on Mac) to add a cursor below the current line. This is super handy for making the same edit in multiple places.

12. Explorer Shortcuts

Navigate your files quickly using the explorer panel on the left. Ctrl + P (or Cmd + P on Mac) brings up the quick open file menu, allowing you to jump to any file in your project with just a few keystrokes.

13. Task Runner

You can define tasks in VS Code to run scripts or commands with ease. Create a tasks.json file in the .vscode folder of your project and configure tasks like building your project or running tests.

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "build",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "npm run build",
            "problemMatcher": []
        }
    ]
}

Now you can run your build task from the Command Palette or the terminal.

14. Code Lens

For JavaScript, Code Lens shows inline references to functions and variables, making it easier to see where they are used. Enable it in settings under Editor: Code Lens.

15. Bracket Pair Colorization

To make nested code easier to read, enable bracket pair colorization. This can be done by adding "editor.bracketPairColorization.enabled": true to your settings.json file.

16. Workspace Settings

VS Code allows you to configure settings specific to your project by adding a .vscode folder with settings.json inside your project directory. This is useful for maintaining consistent settings across team members.

{
    "editor.tabSize": 2,
    "files.exclude": {
        "**/.git": true,
        "**/.DS_Store": true
    }
}

17. Remote Development

VS Code's Remote Development extensions let you work with code on remote machines or in containers. You can use the Remote - SSH extension to connect to a remote server or Remote - Containers to develop inside Docker containers. This is excellent for maintaining a consistent dev environment.

18. Settings Sync

You can sync your settings, extensions, and keyboard shortcuts across different devices using Settings Sync. Enable it from the gear icon in the bottom left, then "Turn on Settings Sync..." and sign in with your GitHub or Microsoft account.

19. Keyboard Shortcuts

Mastering keyboard shortcuts can significantly boost your productivity. Here are a few more handy ones:

• Ctrl + B (or Cmd + B on Mac) to toggle the sidebar.
• Ctrl + (or Cmd + on Mac) to open the integrated terminal.
• Ctrl + K, Ctrl + S (or Cmd + K, Cmd + S on Mac) to open the keyboard shortcuts editor.

20. Extensions for Productivity

Explore these extensions to further enhance your productivity:

• Bracket Pair Colorizer 2: Colors matching brackets to make nested code more readable.
• Path Intellisense: Autocompletes filenames when you start typing a path in your import statements.
• Todo Tree: Tracks TODO comments in your code and lists them in the explorer.

21. REST Client

The REST Client extension allows you to make HTTP requests directly from VS Code and view the responses. Create a .http or .rest file and write your requests:

GET https://api.github.com/users/octocat

Run the request by clicking "Send Request" above the request line.

22. Polacode

Polacode is an extension that lets you create beautiful code snapshots. You can use it to generate images of your code for documentation or sharing. Simply select the code, right-click, and select "Polacode: Open" to capture the snapshot.

23. CSS Peek

For front-end developers, CSS Peek allows you to view CSS definitions directly in your HTML file by hovering over class names or IDs.

24. GitLens

GitLens supercharges the built-in Git capabilities by providing insights into your repository. It shows who changed a line of code and when, helps with navigating through commit history, and even offers inline blame annotations.

25. Snippets and Extensions for Frameworks

Depending on your tech stack, there are specific snippets and extensions you might find useful:

• React: The ES7+ React/Redux/React-Native snippets extension offers shorthand snippets for creating components, hooks, and more.
• Vue.js: Vetur is the go-to extension for Vue.js development, providing syntax highlighting, snippets, and more.
• Angular: Angular Essentials pack includes Angular Language Service and other helpful tools.

26. Jupyter Notebooks

VS Code supports Jupyter Notebooks, making it an excellent tool for data science and machine learning projects. Install the Jupyter extension to create, edit, and run Jupyter notebooks directly in the editor.

27. Docker Integration

If you're working with Docker, the Docker extension is invaluable. It allows you to build, manage, and deploy containerized applications directly from VS Code. You can view containers, images, and registries all from the sidebar.

28. Markdown Preview

VS Code has built-in support for Markdown. You can preview Markdown files by opening the file and pressing Ctrl + Shift + V (or Cmd + Shift + V on Mac). This is great for writing documentation or README files.

29. Workspace Trust

VS Code introduces Workspace Trust, which allows you to control the level of trust you assign to the files within a workspace. This is especially useful when working with code from unknown sources, ensuring your environment remains secure.

30. 禅宗模式

对于那些需要集中注意力的时候，Zen 模式提供了一个无干扰的编码环境。按 Ctrl + K Z（或在 Mac 上按 Cmd + K Z）进入 Zen 模式。这会隐藏所有工具栏和面板，只留下您的代码。

31. 代码导航

使用以下功能高效地浏览您的代码库：

• 转到定义：F12 或右键单击>转到定义。
• 查看定义：Alt + F12（或 Mac 上的 Option + F12）查看内联定义。
• 转到符号：Ctrl + Shift + O（或 Mac 上的 Cmd + Shift + O）跳转到当前文件中的符号。

32. 项目经理

项目管理器扩展可帮助您管理和在多个项目之间切换。它允许您保存当前项目、列出最近的项目并在它们之间快速切换。

33. 代码拼写检查器

使用代码拼写检查器扩展避免代码和注释中出现令人尴尬的拼写错误。它会突出显示拼写错误并提供建议，使您的文档和变量名称更加专业。

34. Git 图

使用 Git Graph 扩展可视化存储库的提交历史记录。它提供了分支、提交和合并的图形表示，使您更容易理解项目的流程。

35. 版本控制比较

VS Code 具有强大的 diff 功能。您可以通过选择文件并按 Ctrl + D（或在 Mac 上按 Cmd + D）来比较文件或查看更改。这对于在提交或解决合并冲突之前检查更改非常有用。

36. 代码指标

CodeMetrics 扩展为您的代码提供复杂性指标，帮助您识别可能需要重构的区域。它显示了函数和类的认知复杂性，使维护干净高效的代码变得更加容易。

37. 按键绑定自定义

您可以自定义按键绑定以适合您的工作流程。使用 Ctrl + K Ctrl + S（或 Mac 上的 Cmd + K Cmd + S）打开键绑定编辑器，然后修改现有快捷方式或创建新快捷方式。

38. 文件和代码导航

VS Code 提供强大的文件和代码导航功能：

• 快速打开：使用 Ctrl + P（或 Mac 上的 Cmd + P）通过键入文件名称的一部分来快速打开文件。
• 向后和向前导航：使用 Ctrl + - 和 Ctrl + Shift + -（或在 Mac 上使用 Cmd + - 和 Cmd + Shift + -）在光标历史记录中移动。
• 面包屑：启用面包屑以在编辑器顶部显示文件的当前位置和层次结构。

39. 自动关闭标签和自动重命名标签

这些扩展对于 HTML 和 JSX 开发特别有用。自动关闭标签会在您键入时自动关闭标签，而自动重命名标签会同步开始标签和结束标签之间的更改。

40. 特定于项目的扩展

安装适合您特定项目需求的扩展。例如，如果您正在处理 Python 项目，Python 扩展提供了一套全面的工具，包括 IntelliSense、linting 和调试。对于 Java 项目，请考虑 Java 扩展包。

这些技巧应该会让您忙碌一段时间并增强您的 VS Code 设置。享受探索所有这些功能并快乐编码吧，伙计！

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