SpringBoot結合JWT怎麼實現登入權限控制

首先我們需要匯入使用到的jwt的套件：

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
    <version>0.8.0</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.auth0</groupId>
    <artifactId>java-jwt</artifactId>
    <version>3.2.0</version>
</dependency>

一、準備LoginUser(存放登入使用者資訊) 和JwtUser

LoginUser.java

public class LoginUser {
    private Integer userId;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String role;

    生成getter和setter......

}

JwtUser.java

import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;

public class JwtUser implements UserDetails{
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities;

    public JwtUser(){
    }

    public JwtUser(LoginUser loginUser){
        this.id = loginUser.getUserId();
        this.username = loginUser.getUsername();
        this.password = loginUser.getPassword();
        authorities = Collections.signleton(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(loginUser.getRole()));
    }

    @Override
    public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities(){
        return authorities;
    }

    @Override
    public String getPassword(){
        return password;
    }

    @Override
    public String getUsername(){
        return username;
    }

    //账号是否未过期
    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonExpired(){
        return true;
    }

    //账号是否未锁定
    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonLocked(){
        return true
    }

    //账号凭证是否未过期
    @Override
    public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired(){
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isEnabled(){
        return true;
    }

    
}

二、準備JwtTokenUtils

import com.bean.JwtUser;
import io.jsonwebtoken.*;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class JwtTokenUtils {
    
    public static final String TOKEN_HEADER = "Authorization";
    public static final String TOKEN_PREFIX = "Bearer ";
    public static final String SECRET = "jwtsecret";
    public static final String ISS = "echisan";

    private static final Long EXPIRATION = 60 * 60 * 3;//过期时间3小时
    private static final String ROLE = "role";

    //创建token
    public static String createToken(String username, String role, boolean isRememberMe){
        Map map = new HashMap();
        map.put(ROLE, role);
        return Jwts.builder()
                 .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, SECRET)
                 .setClaims(map)
                 .setIssuer(ISS)
                 .setSubject(username)
                 .setIssuedAt(new Date())
                 .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration * 1000))
                 .compact();
    }

    //从token中获取用户名(此处的token是指去掉前缀之后的)
    public static String getUserName(String token){
        String username;
        try {
            username = getTokenBody(token).getSubject();
        } catch (    Exception e){
            username = null;
        }
        return username;
    }

    public static String getUserRole(String token){
        return (String) getTokenBody(token).get(ROLE);
    }

    private static Claims getTokenBody(String token){
        Claims claims = null;
        try{
            claims = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(SECRET).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody();
        } catch(ExpiredJwtException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch(UnsupportedJwtException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch(MalformedJwtException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch(SignatureException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch(IllegalArgumentException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //是否已过期
    public static boolean isExpiration(String token){
        try{
            return getTokenBody(token).getExpiration().before(new Date());
        } catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace;
        }
        return true;
    }
}

三、準備JWTAuthenticationFilter (驗證登入)、JWTAuthorizationFilter (鑑定權限)和UserDetailsS​​erviceImpl類別(查庫匹配帳號密碼)

1.JWTAuthenticationFilter.java （驗證登入）

public class JWTAuthenticationFilter extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter{
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

    public JWTAuthenticationFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager){
        this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;
        setAuthenticationFailureHandler(new FailHandler());//设置账号密码错误时的处理方式
    }

    @Override
    public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException{
        //从输入流中获取登录的信息
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        return authenticationManager.authenticate(
                       new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, password, new ArrayList<>())
        );
    }

    @Override
    protected void successfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request,
                              HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain, Authentication authResult
) throws IOException, ServletException{
        JwtUser jwtUser = (JwtUser) authResult.getPrincipal();
        Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities = jwtUser.getAuthorities();
        String role = "";
        for(GrantedAuthority authority : authorities){
            role = authority.getAuthority();
        }
        String token = JwtTokenUtils.createToken(jwtUser.getUsername, role, false);
        //返回创建成功的token
        //但是这里创建的token只是单纯的token，按照jwt的规定，
        //最后请求的格式应该是 “Bearer token“。
        response.addHeader(JwtTokenUtils.TOKEN_HEADER, JwtTokenUtils.TOKEN_PREFIX + token);
    }

    //@Override
    //protected void unsuccessfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
    //                          AuthenticationException failed) throws IOException, ServletException {
    //    response.getWriter().write("authentication failed, reason: " + failed.getMessage());
    //}
}

2.JWTAuthorizationFilter.java (鑑定權限)

public class JWTAuthorizationFilter extends BasicAuthenticationFilter{

    public JWTAuthorizationFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager){
        super(authenticationManager);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
                              FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        String tokenHeader = request.getHeader(JwtTokenUtils.TOKEN_HEADER);
        //如果请求头中没有Authorization信息则直接放行了
        if(tokenHeader == null || !tokenHeader.startsWith(JwtTokenUtils.TOKEN_PREFIX)){
            chain.doFilter(request, response);
            return;
        }
        //如果请求头中有token,则进行解析，并且设置认证信息
        if(!JwtTokenUtils.isExpiration(tokenHeader.replace(JwtTokenUtils.TOKEN_PREFIX， “”))){
            SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(getAuthentication(tokenHeader));
        }
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }

    private UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken getAuthentication(String tokenHeader){
        String token = tokenHeader.replace(JwtTokenUtils.TOKEN_PREFIX， “”);
        String username = JwtTokenUtils.getUserName(token);
        if(username != null){
            return new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, null, new ArrayList<>());
            
        }
        return null;
    }
}

3.UserDetailsS​​erviceImpl.java (查庫比對帳號密碼)

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;

@Service
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService{

    @Autowired
    UserMapper userMapper;
    
    public BCryptPasswordEncoder bCryptPasswordEncoder(){
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String s) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        LoginUser loginUser = usersMapper.selectByUserAccount(s);
        loginUser.setPassword(bCryptPasswordEncoder().encode(loginUser.getPassword()));
        return new JwtUser(loginUser);
    }
}

四、FailHandler（帳號密碼錯誤時的處理方式）

public class FailHandler extends SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler {
    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
                               AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException, ServletException {
        String errorMsg = exception.getMessage();
        if(exception instanceof BadCredentialsException){
            errorMsg = "用户名或密码错误";
        }
        response.setHeader("content-type", "application/json");
        response.getOutputStream().write(JSONObject.fromObject(new AjaxResult(errorMsg, false)).toString().getBytes("utf-8"));
    }
}

五、設定SecurityConfig

這個類別裡規定了權限的相關資訊

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
    
    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @Bean
    public BCryptPasswordEncoder bCryptPasswordEncoder(){
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception{
        auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(bCryptPasswordEncoder());
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception{
        web.ignoring().antMatchers("/static/**");
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception{
        http.cors().and().csrf().disable()
                  .authorizeRequests()
                  .antMatchers(HttpMethod.POST, "/login").permitAll()//都可以访问
                  .antMatchers("/").permitAll()
                  .antMatchers("/index.html").permitAll()
                  .antMatchers("/*.js").permitAll()
                  .antMatchers("/*.css").permitAll()
                  .antMatchers("/*.png").permitAll()
                  .antMatchers("/*.svg").permitAll()
                  .antMatchers("/*.woff").permitAll()
                  .antMatchers("/*.ttf").permitAll()
                  .antMatchers("/*.eot").permitAll()
                  .antMatchers("/test/*").permitAll()//对接口的权限控制，表示对于"/test"路径下的所有接口无需登录也可以访问
                  .antMatchers("/swagger-ui.html", "/v2/api-docs", "/configuration/ui", "/swagger-resources", "/configuration/security",
                           "/webjars/**", "/swagger-resources/configuration/ui").permitAll()//表示对swagger页面放行
                  .anyRequest().authenticated()//表示其余所有请求需要登陆之后才能访问
                  .and()
                  .addFilter(new JWTAuthenticationFilter(authenticationManager()))
                  .addFilter(new JWTAuthorizationFilter(authenticationManager()))
                  .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);
    }

    @Bean
    CorsConfigurationSource corsConfigurationSource() {
        final UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();
        source.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", new CorsConfiguration().applyPermitDefaultValues());
        return source;
    }
}

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