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帶你學習swoole_process

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2021-02-25 09:51:531527瀏覽

帶你學習swoole_process

推薦(免費):swoole

#swoole 的進程之間有兩種通訊方式,一種是訊息佇列(queue),另一種是管道(pipe),對swoole_process 的研究在swoole中顯得尤為重要。

預備知識

IO多路復用

swoole 中的io多路復用表現為底層的 epoll進程模型,在C語言中表現為 epoll 函數。

epoll 模型下會持續監聽自己名下的素有socket 描述子fd
當觸發了socket 監聽的事件時,epoll 函數才會回應,並傳回所有監聽該時間的socket 集合
epoll 的本質是阻塞IO,它的優點在於能同事處理大量socket連接
Event loop 事件循環

swoole 對epoll 實作了一個Reactor線程模型封裝,設定了read事件和write事件的監聽回調函數。 (詳見swoole_event_add)

Event loop 是一個Reactor線程,其中運行了一個epoll實例。
透過swoole_event_add將socket描述符的事件加入epoll監聽中,事件發生時將執行回呼函數
不可用於fpm環境下,因為fpm在任務結束時可能會關掉進程。

swoole_process

基於C語言封裝的進程管理模組,方便php來呼叫
內建管道、訊息佇列接口,方便實現進程間通訊
我們在php-fpm. conf設定檔中發現,php-fpm中有兩種行程池管理設定。

靜態模式 即初始化固定的進程數,當來了一個請求時,從中選取一個進程來處理。
動態模式指定最小、最大進程數,當請求量過大,進程數不超過最大限制時,新增線程去處理請求

接下來用swoole程式碼來實現,這裡只是為理解swoole_process、進程間通訊、定時器等使用,實際情況使用封裝好的swoole_server來實作task任務佇列池會比較方便。

假如有個定時投遞的任務佇列:

<?php/**
 * 动态进程池,类似fpm
 * 动态新建进程
 * 有初始进程数,最小进程数,进程不够处理时候新建进程,不超过最大进程数
 */// 一个进程定时投递任务/**
 * 1. tick
 * 2. process及其管道通讯
 * 3. event loop 事件循环
 */class processPool{
  private $pool;

  /**
   * @var swoole_process[] 记录所有worker的process对象
   */
  private $workers = [];

  /**
   * @var array 记录worker工作状态
   */
  private $used_workers = [];

  /**
   * @var int 最小进程数
   */
  private $min_woker_num = 5;

  /**
   * @var int 初始进程数
   */
  private $start_worker_num = 10;

  /**
   * @var int 最大进程数
   */
  private $max_woker_num = 20;

  /**
   * 进程闲置销毁秒数
   * @var int
   */
  private $idle_seconds = 5;

  /**
   * @var int 当前进程数
   */
  private $curr_num;

  /**
   * 闲置进程时间戳
   * @var array
   */
  private $active_time = [];

  public function __construct()
  {
    $this->pool = new swoole_process(function () {
      // 循环建立worker进程
      for ($i = 0; $i < $this->start_worker_num; $i++) {
        $this->createWorker();
      }
      echo &#39;初始化进程数:&#39; . $this->curr_num . PHP_EOL;
      // 每秒定时往闲置的worker的管道中投递任务
      swoole_timer_tick(1000, function ($timer_id) {
        static $count = 0;
        $count++;
        $need_create = true;
        foreach ($this->used_workers as $pid => $used) {
          if ($used == 0) {
            $need_create = false;
            $this->workers[$pid]->write($count . &#39; job&#39;);
            // 标记使用中
            $this->used_workers[$pid] = 1;
            $this->active_time[$pid] = time();
            break;
          }
        }
        foreach ($this->used_workers as $pid => $used)
          // 如果所有worker队列都没有闲置的,则新建一个worker来处理
          if ($need_create && $this->curr_num < $this->max_woker_num) {
            $new_pid = $this->createWorker();
            $this->workers[$new_pid]->write($count . &#39; job&#39;);
            $this->used_workers[$new_pid] = 1;
            $this->active_time[$new_pid] = time();
          }

        // 闲置超过一段时间则销毁进程
        foreach ($this->active_time as $pid => $timestamp) {
          if ((time() - $timestamp) > $this->idle_seconds && $this->curr_num > $this->min_woker_num) {
            // 销毁该进程
            if (isset($this->workers[$pid]) && $this->workers[$pid] instanceof swoole_process) {
              $this->workers[$pid]->write(&#39;exit&#39;);
              unset($this->workers[$pid]);
              $this->curr_num = count($this->workers);
              unset($this->used_workers[$pid]);
              unset($this->active_time[$pid]);
              echo "{$pid} destroyed\n";
              break;
            }
          }
        }

        echo "任务{$count}/{$this->curr_num}\n";

        if ($count == 20) {
          foreach ($this->workers as $pid => $worker) {
            $worker->write(&#39;exit&#39;);
          }
          // 关闭定时器
          swoole_timer_clear($timer_id);
          // 退出进程池
          $this->pool->exit(0);
          exit();
        }
      });

    });

    $master_pid = $this->pool->start();
    echo "Master $master_pid start\n";

    while ($ret = swoole_process::wait()) {
      $pid = $ret[&#39;pid&#39;];
      echo "process {$pid} existed\n";
    }
  }

  /**
   * 创建一个新进程
   * @return int 新进程的pid
   */
  public function createWorker()
  {
    $worker_process = new swoole_process(function (swoole_process $worker) {
      // 给子进程管道绑定事件
      swoole_event_add($worker->pipe, function ($pipe) use ($worker) {
        $data = trim($worker->read());
        if ($data == &#39;exit&#39;) {
          $worker->exit(0);
          exit();
        }
        echo "{$worker->pid} 正在处理 {$data}\n";
        sleep(5);
        // 返回结果,表示空闲
        $worker->write("complete");
      });
    });

    $worker_pid = $worker_process->start();

    // 给父进程管道绑定事件
    swoole_event_add($worker_process->pipe, function ($pipe) use ($worker_process) {
      $data = trim($worker_process->read());
      if ($data == &#39;complete&#39;) {
        // 标记为空闲//        echo "{$worker_process->pid} 空闲了\n";
        $this->used_workers[$worker_process->pid] = 0;
      }
    });

    // 保存process对象
    $this->workers[$worker_pid] = $worker_process;
    // 标记为空闲
    $this->used_workers[$worker_pid] = 0;
    $this->active_time[$worker_pid] = time();
    $this->curr_num = count($this->workers);
    return $worker_pid;
  }}new processPool();

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