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微信公眾平台開發:高級介面說明

高洛峰
高洛峰原創
2017-02-27 13:23:562804瀏覽

   這裡所說的高階介面是指面向通過認證的服務號所開通的高階功能。

    進階功能大致可以分類為:

使用者介面

#分組介面

客服介面(有別於先前介紹的多客服)

群發介面

多媒體介面

二維碼介面

範本訊息介面(不是所有帳號都可開通)

OAuth2.0(相對比較複雜,後面會有專門介紹)

  以上所有的介面都包含在Senparc.Weixin.MP.AdvancedAPIs命名空間下。

一些共同的操作

  幾乎所有的高階介面都需要用到AccessToken來通訊(注意,下面如果沒有特殊說明的介面都需要這個AccessToken,但並非全部),因此多數會有一個AccessToken參數傳入,有關AccessToken取得和操作的方式請參閱Senparc.Weixin.MP SDK 微信公眾平台開發教程(八):通用介面說明。

使用者介面

  來源檔案資料夾:Senparc.Weixin.MP/AdvancedAPIs/User

  原始程式碼中相關方法如下:

namespace Senparc.Weixin.MP.AdvancedAPIs
{
    //接口详见:http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/index.php?title=%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF
    
    /// <summary>
    /// 用户接口
    /// </summary>
    public static class User
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取用户信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken">调用接口凭证</param>
        /// <param name="openId">普通用户的标识,对当前公众号唯一</param>
        /// <param name="lang">返回国家地区语言版本,zh_CN 简体,zh_TW 繁体,en 英语</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static UserInfoJson Info(string accessToken, string openId, Language.zh_CN)
        {
            string url = string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/info?access_token={0}&openid={1}&lang={2}",
                accessToken, openId, lang.ToString());
            return HttpUtility.Get.GetJson<UserInfoJson>(url);

            //错误时微信会返回错误码等信息,JSON数据包示例如下(该示例为AppID无效错误):
            //{"errcode":40013,"errmsg":"invalid appid"}
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取关注着OpenId信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="nextOpenId"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static OpenIdResultJson Get(string accessToken, string nextOpenId)
        {
            string url = string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/get?access_token={0}",
                accessToken);
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(nextOpenId))
            {
                url += "&next_openid=" + nextOpenId;
            }
            return HttpUtility.Get.GetJson<OpenIdResultJson>(url);
        }
    }
}

分組介面

  原始檔案資料夾:Senparc.Weixin.MP/AdvancedAPIs/Groups

  原始程式碼中相關方法如下:

namespace Senparc.Weixin.MP.AdvancedAPIs
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 用户组接口
    /// </summary>
    public static class Groups
    {

        /// <summary>
        /// 创建分组
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static CreateGroupResult Create(string accessToken, string name)
        {
            var urlFormat = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/groups/create?access_token={0}";
            var data = new
            {
                group = new
                {
                    name = name
                }
            };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send<CreateGroupResult>(accessToken, urlFormat, data);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送文本信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static GroupsJson Get(string accessToken)
        {
            var urlFormat = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/groups/get?access_token={0}";
            var url = string.Format(urlFormat, accessToken);
            return HttpUtility.Get.GetJson<GroupsJson>(url);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取用户分组
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="openId"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static GetGroupIdResult GetId(string accessToken, string openId)
        {
            var urlFormat = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/groups/getid?access_token={0}";
            var data = new { openid = openId };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send<GetGroupIdResult>(accessToken, urlFormat, data);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 创建分组
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="id"></param>
        /// <param name="name">分组名字(30个字符以内)</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static WxJsonResult Update(string accessToken, int id, string name)
        {
            var urlFormat = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/groups/update?access_token={0}";
            var data = new
            {
                group = new
                {
                    id = id,
                    name = name
                }
            };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send(accessToken, urlFormat, data);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 移动用户分组
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="openId"></param>
        /// <param name="toGroupId"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static WxJsonResult MemberUpdate(string accessToken, string openId, int toGroupId)
                {
            var urlFormat = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/groups/members/update?access_token={0}";
            var data = new
            {
                openid = openId,
                to_groupid = toGroupId
            };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send(accessToken, urlFormat, data);
        }
    }
}

客服介面

 來說明一下,這裡的客服介面和之前的「多客服」是有差別的,之前介紹的多客服是把用戶對話狀態切換到多客服客,訊息發送到專門的多客服戶端,這個對話是由用戶主動發起的。而這裡的「客服」其實是指在任意時間,主動推播訊息給指定過的用戶(用戶在48小時內有互動),對話不需要由用戶主動發起。

  原始檔案資料夾:Senparc.Weixin.MP/AdvancedAPIs/Custom

  原始程式碼中相關方法如下:

namespace Senparc.Weixin.MP.AdvancedAPIs
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 客服接口
    /// </summary>
    public static class Custom
    {
        private const string URL_FORMAT = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/custom/send?access_token={0}";

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送文本信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="openId"></param>
        /// <param name="content"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static WxJsonResult SendText(string accessToken, string openId, string content)
        {
            var data = new
            {
                touser = openId,
                msgtype = "text",
                text = new
                {
                    content = content
                }
            };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send(accessToken, URL_FORMAT, data);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送图片消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="openId"></param>
        /// <param name="mediaId"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static WxJsonResult SendImage(string accessToken, string openId, string mediaId)
        {
            var data = new
            {
                touser = openId,
                msgtype = "image",
                image = new
                {
                    media_id = mediaId
                }
            };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send(accessToken, URL_FORMAT, data);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送语音消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="openId"></param>
        /// <param name="mediaId"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static WxJsonResult SendVoice(string accessToken, string openId, string mediaId)
        {
            var data = new
            {
                touser = openId,
                msgtype = "voice",
                voice = new
                {
                    media_id = mediaId
                }
            };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send(accessToken, URL_FORMAT, data);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送视频消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="openId"></param>
        /// <param name="mediaId"></param>
        /// <param name="thumbMediaId"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static WxJsonResult SendVideo(string accessToken, string openId, string mediaId, string thumbMediaId)
        {
            var data = new
            {
                touser = openId,
                msgtype = "video",
                video = new
                {
                    media_id = mediaId,
                    thumb_media_id = thumbMediaId
                }
            };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send(accessToken, URL_FORMAT, data);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送音乐消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="openId"></param>
        /// <param name="title">音乐标题(非必须)</param>
        /// <param name="description">音乐描述(非必须)</param>
        /// <param name="musicUrl">音乐链接</param>
        /// <param name="hqMusicUrl">高品质音乐链接,wifi环境优先使用该链接播放音乐</param>
        /// <param name="thumbMediaId">视频缩略图的媒体ID</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static WxJsonResult SendMusic(string accessToken, string openId, string title, string description,
                                    string musicUrl, string hqMusicUrl, string thumbMediaId)
        {
            var data = new
            {
                touser = openId,
                msgtype = "music",
                music = new
                {
                    title = title,
                    description = description,
                    musicurl = musicUrl,
                    hqmusicurl = hqMusicUrl,
                    thumb_media_id = thumbMediaId
                }
            };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send(accessToken, URL_FORMAT, data);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送图文消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="openId"></param>
        /// <param name="title">音乐标题(非必须)</param>
        /// <param name="description">音乐描述(非必须)</param>
        /// <param name="musicUrl">音乐链接</param>
        /// <param name="hqMusicUrl">高品质音乐链接,wifi环境优先使用该链接播放音乐</param>
        /// <param name="thumbMediaId">视频缩略图的媒体ID</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static WxJsonResult SendNews(string accessToken, string openId, List<Article> articles)
        {
            var data = new
            {
                touser = openId,
                msgtype = "news",
                news = new
                {
                    articles = articles.Select(z => new
                                {
                                    title = z.Title,
                                    description = z.Description,
                                    url = z.Url,
                                    picurl = z.PicUrl//图文消息的图片链接,支持JPG、PNG格式,较好的效果为大图640*320,小图80*80
                                }).ToList()
                }
            };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send(accessToken, URL_FORMAT, data);
        }
    }
}

群發介面

 這裡的群發效果和登入微信後台群發是一樣的。

  原始檔案資料夾:Senparc.Weixin.MP/AdvancedAPIs/GroupMessage

  原始程式碼中相關方法如下:

namespace Senparc.Weixin.MP.AdvancedAPIs
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 高级群发接口
    /// </summary>
    public static class GroupMessage
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据分组进行群发
        /// 
        /// 请注意:
        /// 1、该接口暂时仅提供给已微信认证的服务号
        /// 2、虽然开发者使用高级群发接口的每日调用限制为100次,但是用户每月只能接收4条,请小心测试
        /// 3、无论在公众平台网站上,还是使用接口群发,用户每月只能接收4条群发消息,多于4条的群发将对该用户发送失败。
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="groupId">群发到的分组的group_id</param>
        /// <param name="mediaId">用于群发的消息的media_id</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static SendResult SendGroupMessageByGroupId(string accessToken, string groupId, string mediaId)
        {
            const string urlFormat = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/mass/sendall?access_token={0}";
            var data = new
            {
                filter = new
                {
                    group_id = groupId
                },
                mpnews = new
                {
                    media_id = mediaId
                },
                msgtype = "mpnews"
            };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send<SendResult>(accessToken, urlFormat, data);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据OpenId进行群发
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="mediaId">用于群发的消息的media_id</param>
        /// <param name="openIds">openId字符串数组</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static SendResult SendGroupMessageByOpenId(string accessToken, string mediaId, params string[] openIds)
        {
            const string urlFormat = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/mass/send?access_token={0}";

            var data = new
            {
                touser = openIds,
                mpnews = new
                {
                    media_id = mediaId
                },
                msgtype = "mpnews"
            };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send<SendResult>(accessToken, urlFormat, data);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 删除群发消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="mediaId">发送出去的消息ID</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static WxJsonResult DeleteSendMessage(string accessToken, string mediaId)
        {
            //官方API地址为https://api.weixin.qq.com//cgi-bin/message/mass/delete?access_token={0},应该是多了一个/
            const string urlFormat = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/mass/delete?access_token={0}";

            var data = new
            {
                msgid = mediaId
            };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send<WxJsonResult>(accessToken, urlFormat, data);
        }
    }
}

多媒體介面

 原始程式碼中相關方法如下:

namespace Senparc.Weixin.MP.AdvancedAPIs
{
    //接口详见:http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0%E4%B8%8B%E8%BD%BD%E5%A4%9A%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6
    
    /// <summary>
    /// 多媒体文件接口
    /// </summary>
    public static class Media
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 上传媒体文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="type"></param>
        /// <param name="file"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static UploadResultJson Upload(string accessToken, UploadMediaFileType type, string file)
        {
            var url = string.Format("http://file.api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/upload?access_token={0}&type={1}", accessToken, type.ToString());
            var fileDictionary = new Dictionary<string, string>();
            fileDictionary["media"] = file;
            return HttpUtility.Post.PostFileGetJson<UploadResultJson>(url, null, fileDictionary, null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 下载媒体文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken"></param>
        /// <param name="mediaId"></param>
        /// <param name="stream"></param>
        public static void Get(string accessToken, string mediaId, Stream stream)
        {
            var url = string.Format("http://file.api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/get?access_token={0}&media_id={1}",
                accessToken, mediaId);
            HttpUtility.Get.Download(url, stream);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 上传图文消息素材
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken">Token</param>
        /// <param name="news">图文消息组</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static UploadMediaFileResult UploadNews(string accessToken, params NewsModel[] news)
        {
            const string urlFormat = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/uploadnews?access_token={0}";
            var data = new
            {
                articles = news
            };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send<UploadMediaFileResult>(accessToken, urlFormat, data);
        }


    }
}

多媒體介面

 原始碼 媒體介面用於上傳圖片、語音、圖文訊息等多媒體訊息,一般這些訊息都可以用於客服介面或群發。

  原始檔案資料夾:Senparc.Weixin.MP/AdvancedAPIs/Media

  原始程式碼中相關方法如下:

namespace Senparc.Weixin.MP.AdvancedAPIs
{
    //API:http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90%E5%B8%A6%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81

    /// <summary>
    /// 二维码接口
    /// </summary>
    public static class QrCode
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 创建二维码
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="expireSeconds">该二维码有效时间,以秒为单位。 最大不超过1800。0时为永久二维码</param>
        /// <param name="sceneId">场景值ID,临时二维码时为32位整型,永久二维码时最大值为1000</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static CreateQrCodeResult Create(string accessToken, int expireSeconds, int sceneId)
        {
            var urlFormat = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/qrcode/create?access_token={0}";
            object data = null;
            if (expireSeconds > 0)
            {
                data = new
                {
                    expire_seconds = expireSeconds,
                    action_name = "QR_SCENE",
                    action_info = new
                    {
                        scene = new
                        {
                            scene_id = sceneId
                        }
                    }
                };
            }
            else
            {
                data = new
                {
                    action_name = "QR_LIMIT_SCENE",
                    action_info = new
                    {
                        scene = new
                        {
                            scene_id = sceneId
                        }
                    }
                };
            }
            return CommonJsonSend.Send<CreateQrCodeResult>(accessToken, urlFormat, data);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取二维码(不需要AccessToken)
        /// 错误情况下(如ticket非法)返回HTTP错误码404。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ticket"></param>
        /// <param name="stream"></param>
        public static void ShowQrCode(string ticket, Stream stream)
        {
            var urlFormat = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/showqrcode?ticket={0}";
            HttpUtility.Get.Download(string.Format(urlFormat, ticket), stream);
        }
    }
}

二維碼介面

#使用二維碼介面可以方便地建立和驗證二維碼。所建立的二維碼用於讓使用者關注或識別掃描的場景。

  原始檔案資料夾:Senparc.Weixin.MP/AdvancedAPIs/QrCode

  原始程式碼中相關方法如下:

namespace Senparc.Weixin.MP.AdvancedAPIs
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 模板消息接口
    /// </summary>
    public static class Template
    {
        public static WxJsonResult SendTemplateMessage<T>(string accessToken, string openId, string templateId, string topcolor, T data)
        {
            const string urlFormat = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/template/send?access_token={0}";
            var msgData = new TempleteModel()
            {
                template_id = templateId,
                topcolor = topcolor,
                touser = openId,
                data = data
            };
            return CommonJsonSend.Send<WxJsonResult>(accessToken, urlFormat, msgData);
        }
    }
}

範本訊息介面

 原文範本訊息類似於簡訊通知,它遵循一定的模板格式(和圖文資訊等不一樣),不是每個通過驗證的服務號碼都可以獲得。

  原始檔案資料夾:Senparc.Weixin.MP/AdvancedAPIs/TemplateMessage

  原始程式碼中相關方法如下:

rrreee

OAuth2.0介面

OAuth介面用於安全驗證使用微信內嵌瀏覽器存取的使用者的身分(例如取得OpenId)

#  來源檔案資料夾:Senparc.Weixin.MP/AdvancedAPIs/OAuth

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