如何在 C/C 編譯時可靠地偵測 CPU 架構？

編譯時偵測CPU 架構：綜合指南

開發C 或C 程式碼時，決定編輯時的目標CPU 架構是對於確保最佳效能和相容性至關重要。然而，不同的編譯器使用自己的一組預處理器定義，這使得建立通用方法變得具有挑戰性。

幸運的是，存在一種綜合方法可以在編譯時檢測 CPU 架構，從而無需依賴非- 標準定義。這是一個可靠的解決方案：

extern "C" {
    const char *getBuild() {
        #if defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_X64)
        return "x86_64";
        #elif defined(i386) || defined(__i386__) || defined(__i386) || defined(_M_IX86)
        return "x86_32";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_2__)
        return "ARM2";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_3__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_3M__)
        return "ARM3";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_4T__) || defined(__TARGET_ARM_4T)
        return "ARM4T";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_5_) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_5E_)
        return "ARM5";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_6T2_) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6T2_)
        return "ARM6T2";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_6__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6J__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6K__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6Z__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6ZK__)
        return "ARM6";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7A__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7R__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7M__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7S__)
        return "ARM7";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7A__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7R__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7M__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7S__)
        return "ARM7A";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7R__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7M__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7S__)
        return "ARM7R";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7M__)
        return "ARM7M";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7S__)
        return "ARM7S";
        #elif defined(__aarch64__) || defined(_M_ARM64)
        return "ARM64";
        #elif defined(mips) || defined(__mips__) || defined(__mips)
        return "MIPS";
        #elif defined(__sh__)
        return "SUPERH";
        #elif defined(__powerpc) || defined(__powerpc__) || defined(__powerpc64__) || defined(__POWERPC__) || defined(__ppc__) || defined(__PPC__) || defined(_ARCH_PPC)
        return "POWERPC";
        #elif defined(__PPC64__) || defined(__ppc64__) || defined(_ARCH_PPC64)
        return "POWERPC64";
        #elif defined(__sparc__) || defined(__sparc)
        return "SPARC";
        #elif defined(__m68k__)
        return "M68K";
        #else
        return "UNKNOWN";
        #endif
    }
}

此程式碼可偵測各種 CPU 架構，涵蓋現代和傳統平台。它依賴標準預處理器定義，確保與各種編譯器的兼容性。透過將此功能合併到您的程式碼中，您可以在編譯過程中準確確定目標架構，從而使您能夠相應地優化程式碼並避免特定於平台的問題。

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