MYSQL入门学习之十八：MYSQLADMIN命令参数详解_MySQL

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MYSQL入门学习之十八：MYSQLADMIN命令参数详解

 

相关链接：

MYSQL入门学习之一：基本操作

http:///database/201212/173868.html

MYSQL入门学习之二：使用正则表达式搜索

http:///database/201212/173869.html

MYSQL入门学习之三：全文本搜索

http:///database/201212/173873.html

MYSQL入门学习之四：MYSQL的数据类型

http:///database/201212/175536.html

MYSQL入门学习之五：MYSQL的字符集

http:///database/201212/175541.html

MYSQL入门学习之六：MYSQL的运算符

http:///database/201212/175862.html

MYSQL入门学习之七：MYSQL常用函数

http:///database/201212/175864.html

MYSQL入门学习之八：数据库及表的基本操作

http:///database/201212/175867.html

MYSQL入门学习之九：索引的简单操作

http:///database/201212/176772.html

MYSQL入门学习之十：视图的基本操作

http:///database/201212/176775.html

MYSQL入门学习之十一：触发器的基本操作

http:///database/201212/176781.html

MYSQL入门学习之十二：存储过程的基本操作

http:///database/201212/177380.html

MYSQL入门学习之十三：自定义函数的基本操作

http:///database/201212/177382.html

MYSQL入门学习之十四：游标的基本操作

http:///database/201212/177384.html

MYSQL入门学习之十五：事务处理的基本操作

http:///database/201212/177385.html

MYSQL入门学习之十六：MYSQL命令参数详解

http:///database/201212/178079.html

 

mysqladmin工具主要用来对数据库做一些简单的操作，以及显示服务器状态等。其使用格式如下：    

        mysqladmin [option] command [command option] command ......

        在命令行中输入mysqladmin -?，打印出如下帮助信息

[sql] 

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin --help  

mysqladmin  Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.1.28-rc, for Win32 on ia32  

Copyright (C) 2000-2006 MySQL AB  

This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,  

and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL license  

  

Administration program for the mysqld daemon.  

Usage: mysqladmin [OPTIONS] command command....  

  -c, --count=#       Number of iterations to make. This works with -i  

                      (--sleep) only.  

  --debug-check       Check memory and open file usage at exit .  

  --debug-info        Print some debug info at exit.  

  -f, --force         Don't ask for confirmation on drop database; with  

                      multiple commands, continue even if an error occurs.  

  -C, --compress      Use compression in server/client protocol.  

  --character-sets-dir=name  

                      Directory where character sets are.  

  --default-character-set=name  

                      Set the default character set.  

  -?, --help          Display this help and exit.  

  -h, --host=name     Connect to host.  

  -b, --no-beep       Turn off beep on error.  

  -p, --password[=name]  

                      Password to use when connecting to server. If password is  

                      not given it's asked from the tty.  

  -W, --pipe          Use named pipes to connect to server.  

  -P, --port=#        Port number to use for connection or 0 for default to, in  

                      order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT,  

                      /etc/services, built-in default (3306).  

  --protocol=name     The protocol of connection (tcp,socket,pipe,memory).  

  -r, --relative      Show difference between current and previous values when  

                      used with -i. Currently works only with extended-status.  

  -O, --set-variable=name  

                      Change the value of a variable. Please note that this  

                      option is deprecated; you can set variables directly with  

                      --variable-name=value.  

  --shared-memory-base-name=name  

                      Base name of shared memory.  

  -s, --silent        Silently exit if one can't connect to server.  

  -S, --socket=name   Socket file to use for connection.  

  -i, --sleep=#       Execute commands again and again with a sleep between.  

  --ssl               Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with  

                      other flags). Disable with --skip-ssl.  

  --ssl-ca=name       CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies  

                      --ssl).  

  --ssl-capath=name   CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).  

  --ssl-cert=name     X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl).  

  --ssl-cipher=name   SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl).  

  --ssl-key=name      X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl).  

  --ssl-verify-server-cert  

                      Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against  

                      hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by  

                      default.  

  -u, --user=name     User for login if not current user.  

  -v, --verbose       Write more information.  

  -V, --version       Output version information and exit.  

  -E, --vertical      Print output vertically. Is similar to --relative, but  

                      prints output vertically.  

  -w, --wait[=#]      Wait and retry if connection is down.  

  --connect_timeout=#  

  --shutdown_timeout=#  

  

Variables (--variable-name=value)  

and boolean options {FALSE|TRUE}  Value (after reading options)  

--------------------------------- -----------------------------  

count                             0  

debug-check                       FALSE  

debug-info                        FALSE  

force                             FALSE  

compress                          FALSE  

character-sets-dir                (No default value)  

default-character-set             (No default value)  

host                              (No default value)  

no-beep                           FALSE  

port                              0  

relative                          FALSE  

shared-memory-base-name           (No default value)  

socket                            (No default value)  

sleep                             0  

ssl                               FALSE  

ssl-ca                            (No default value)  

ssl-capath                        (No default value)  

ssl-cert                          (No default value)  

ssl-cipher                        (No default value)  

ssl-key                           (No default value)  

ssl-verify-server-cert            FALSE  

user                              (No default value)  

verbose                           FALSE  

vertical                          FALSE  

connect_timeout                   43200  

shutdown_timeout                  3600  

  

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:  

C:/Windows/my.ini C:/Windows/my.cnf C:/my.ini C:/my.cnf D:/APMServ5.2.6/MySQL5.1/my.ini D:/APMServ5.2.6/MySQL5.1/my.cnf  

  

The following groups are read: mysqladmin client  

The following options may be given as the first argument:  

--print-defaults        Print the program argument list and exit  

--no-defaults           Don't read default options from any options file  

--defaults-file=#       Only read default options from the given file #  

--defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read  

  

Where command is a one or more of: (Commands may be shortened)  

  create databasename       Create a new database  

  debug                     Instruct server to write debug information to log  

  drop databasename         Delete a database and all its tables  

  extended-status           Gives an extended status message from the server  

  flush-hosts               Flush all cached hosts  

  flush-logs                Flush all logs  

  flush-status              Clear status variables  

  flush-tables              Flush all tables  

  flush-threads             Flush the thread cache  

  flush-privileges          Reload grant tables (same as reload)  

  kill id,id,...            Kill mysql threads  

  password new-password     Change old password to new-password, MySQL 4.1 hashing.  

  old-password new-password Change old password to new-password in old format.  

  ping                      Check if mysqld is alive  

  processlist               Show list of active threads in server  

  reload                    Reload grant tables  

  refresh                   Flush all tables and close and open logfiles  

  shutdown                  Take server down  

  status                    Gives a short status message from the server  

  start-slave               Start slave  

  stop-slave                Stop slave  

  variables                 Prints variables available  

  version                   Get version info from server  

        帮助信息主要包括三部分：

        第一部分为mysqladmin命令的相关选项，详细说明如下：

 

-c, --count=# Number of iterations to make. This works with -i (--sleep) only. 自动运行次数，必须和 -i 一起使用

--debug-check Check memory and open file usage at exit .

--debug-info Print some debug info at exit.

-f, --force Don't ask for confirmation on drop database; with multiple commands, continue even if an error occurs. 禁用错误，drop 数据库时不提示，执行多条命令时出错继续执行

-C, --compress Use compression in server/client protocol. 在服务器和客户端之间使用压缩

--character-sets-dir=name Directory where character sets are. 设置字符集目录

--default-character-set=name Set the default character set. 设置字符集默认目录

-?, --help Display this help and exit. 显示帮助信息

-h, --host=name Connect to host. 主机名

-b, --no-beep Turn off beep on error. 报错时，不响铃（嘟的一声）

-p, --password[=name] Password to use when connecting to server. If password is not given it's asked from the tty. 服务器连接密码

-W, --pipe Use named pipes to connect to server. 使用命名管道连接服务器

-P, --port=# Port number to use for connection or 0 for default to, in order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT, /etc/services, built-in default (3306). 端口号

--protocol=name The protocol of connection (tcp,socket,pipe,memory). 设置连接使用的协议

-r, --relative Show difference between current and previous values when used with -i. Currently works only with extended-status. 显示前后变化的值，必须结合- i

-O, --set-variable=name Change the value of a variable. Please note that this option is deprecated; you can set variables directly with --variable-name=value. 修改变量的值，使用--variable-name=value 的方式修改变量值

--shared-memory-base-name=name Base name of shared memory.

-s, --silent Silently exit if one can't connect to server. 如果连接服务器失败则退出

-S, --socket=name Socket file to use for connection. 指定socket file

-i, --sleep=# Execute commands again and again with a sleep between. 间隔一段时间执行一次

--ssl Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with other flags). Disable with --skip-ssl.

--ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).

--ssl-capath=name CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).

--ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl).

--ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl).

--ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl).

--ssl-verify-server- cert Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by default.

-u, --user=name User for login if not current user. 用户名

-v, --verbose Write more information.

-V, --version Output version information and exit. 显示MYSQLADMIN的版本

-E, --vertical Print output vertically. Is similar to --relative, but prints output vertically. 垂直显示输出

-w, --wait[=#] Wait and retry if connection is down. 如果连接断开，则等待并重试

--connect_timeout=# 连接超时

--shutdown_timeout=# 超时关闭         示例：

[sql] 

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -uroot -E -i 3 -c 2 status  

Uptime: 1590  Threads: 1  Questions: 5  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 15  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 8  Queries per second  

avg: 0.3  

Uptime: 1593  Threads: 1  Questions: 5  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 15  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 8  Queries per second  

avg: 0.3  

  

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -V  

mysqladmin  Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.1.28-rc, for Win32 on ia32  

       第二部分为mysqladmin的相关变量。

        第三部分为mysqladmin可以执行的相关服务器命令，详细说明如下：

 

create databasename Create a new database 创建一个新数据库

debug Instruct server to write debug information to log 通知服务器将调试信息写入日志

drop databasename Delete a database and all its tables 删除一个数据库及其所有表

extended-status Gives an extended status message from the server 给出服务器的一个扩展状态消息

flush-hosts Flush all cached hosts 清除所有缓存的主机

flush-logs Flush all logs 清除所有日志

flush-status Clear status variables

flush-tables Flush all tables 清除所有表

flush-threads Flush the thread cache 清除线程缓存

flush-privileges Reload grant tables (same as reload) 再次装载授权表(同reload)

kill id,id,... Kill mysql threads 杀死mysql线程

password new-password Change old password to new-password, MySQL 4.1 hashing. 将老口令改为新口令

old-password new-password Change old password to new-password in old format. 修改口令

ping Check if mysqld is alive 检查mysqld是否在线

processlist Show list of active threads in server 显示服务其中活跃线程列表

reload Reload grant tables 重载授权表

refresh Flush all tables and close and open logfiles 洗掉所有表并关闭和打开日志文件

shutdown Take server down 关掉服务器

status Gives a short status message from the server 给出服务器的简短状态消息

start-slave Start slave 启动slave

stop-slave Stop slave 关闭slave

variables Prints variables available 打印出可用变量

version Get version info from server 得到服务器的版本信息

        示例：

 

[sql] 

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -uroot version  

mysqladmin  Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.1.28-rc, for Win32 on ia32  

Copyright (C) 2000-2006 MySQL AB  

This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,  

and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL license  

  

Server version          5.1.28-rc-community  

Protocol version        10  

Connection              localhost via TCP/IP  

TCP port                3306  

Uptime:                 31 min 3 sec  

  

Threads: 1  Questions: 23  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 16  Flush tables: 2  Open tables: 0  Queries per second avg: 0.12  

  

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -u root -p create test_admin  

Enter password:  

  

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -u root -p drop test_admin  

Enter password:  

Dropping the database is potentially a very bad thing to do.  

Any data stored in the database will be destroyed.  

  

Do you really want to drop the 'test_admin' database [y/N] y  

Database "test_admin" dropped  

  

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -u root flush-status  

  

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -u root processlist  

+----+------+----------------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+  

| Id | User | Host           | db | Command | Time | State | Info             |  

+----+------+----------------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+  

| 21 | root | localhost:8925 |    | Query   | 0    |       | show processlist |  

+----+------+----------------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+  

  

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -u root status  

Uptime: 1947  Threads: 1  Questions: 32  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 18  Flush tables: 2  Open tables: 2  Queries per second  

 avg: 0.16  

        其中mysqladmin -u root status输出信息中各项的详细说明如下：

        Uptime：MySQL服务器已经运行的秒数

        Threads：活跃线程（客户）的数量

        Questions：从mysqld启动起来自客户查询的数量

        Slow queries：已经超过long_query_time秒的查询数量

        Opens：mysqld已经打开了多少表

        Flush tables：flush ..., refresh和reload命令数量

        Open tables：现在被打开的表数量

        Queries per second avg：查询平均用时
 

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