CentOS7에서 Redis 서비스를 설치하고 구성하는 방법

1. 安装依赖

➜  yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ kernel-devel

2. 下载源码包

# 推荐在这个目录存放各个软件的源码➜  cd /usr/local/src# 下载指定版本➜  wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.5.tar.gz# 下载最新稳定版➜  wget http://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz# 查看源码具体版本➜  cat redis-stable/src/version.h

3. 编译安装

➜  tar zxvf redis-5.0.5.tar.gz
➜  cd redis-5.0.5
➜  make# 安装到指定目录下➜  make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis-5.0.5 install# 拷贝默认配置文件到指定目录➜  mkdir /usr/local/redis-5.0.5/etc
➜  cp redis.conf /usr/local/redis-5.0.5/etc/# 创建程序软链接，以便后期版本升级cd /usr/local/
ln -s redis-5.0.5 redis# 配置环境变量，以便在全局使用 Redis 相关命令➜  echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/redis/bin"' >> /etc/profile
➜  source /etc/profile# 验证➜  redis-cli -v
redis-cli 5.0.5

4. 修改默认配置文件

这里只是一些推荐的常用基本配置

➜  cd /usr/local/redis/etc# 为方便管理多个 Redis 服务，以版本号作为配置文件的名称后缀➜  mv redis.conf redis_6379.conf# 开始编辑配置文件➜  vi redis_6379.conf# --------------------# 以下是常用配置项# --------------------# 开启守护进程（后台）方式运行daemonize yes# 进程文件pidfile /var/redis/run/redis_6379.pid# 只允许指定主机连接，默认不限制bind 127.0.0.1# 端口号port 6379# 客户端闲置多长时间（单位：s）关闭连接# 默认 0 ，无限制timeout 300# 本地持久化数据文件名dbfilename dump_6379.rdb# 设置工作目录dir /var/redis/db/# 日志级别# - debug 适用于开发、测试，打印的信息较多# - verbose 比 debug 简洁一些# - notice 默认，普通的 verbose，用于生产环境# - warning 警告和一些比较严重的信息loglevel notice# 日志文件# 默认为空字符串，表示标准输出（stdout）# 如果以守护进程运行，并且此处采用标准输出，则日志发送给 /dev/nulllogfile /var/redis/log/redis_6379.log# 客户端连接密码# 为保证服务安全，建议开启并设置一个复杂的密码requirepass pwd2019# --------------------# 保存上面修改好的配置文件# --------------------# 创建配置中不存在的目录➜  mkdir -p /var/redis/{run,log,db}

5. 启动服务

基本启动方式

# 以默认配置启动➜  redis-server # 指定配置文件➜  redis-server /usr/local/redis/etc/redis_6379.conf# 查看更多使用参数➜  redis-server -h# 客户端连接测试➜  redis-cli127.0.0.1:6379> KEYS *(error) NOAUTH Authentication required.127.0.0.1:6379> auth pwd2019OK127.0.0.1:6379> KEYS *(empty list or set)127.0.0.1:6379> exit➜

使用脚本启动

➜  cd /usr/local/src/redis-5.0.5/utils/
➜  cp redis_init_script /etc/init.d/
➜  cd /etc/init.d/
➜  mv redis_init_script redis_6379
➜  vim redis_6379

#!/bin/sh## Simple Redis init.d script conceived to work on Linux systems# as it does use of the /proc filesystem.### BEGIN INIT INFO# Provides:     redis_6379# Default-Start:        2 3 4 5# Default-Stop:         0 1 6# Short-Description:    Redis data structure server# Description:          Redis data structure server. See https://redis.io### END INIT INFO# 根据实际安装情况修改这里的路径、端口、连接密码REDISPORT=6379
REDISPWD=pwd2019
EXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server
CLIEXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli

PIDFILE=/var/run/redis_${REDISPORT}.pid
CONF="/usr/local/redis/etc/redis_${REDISPORT}.conf"case "$1" instart)if [ -f $PIDFILE ]thenecho "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"elseecho "Starting Redis server..."$EXEC $CONFfi;;
    stop)if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]thenecho "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"elsePID=$(cat $PIDFILE)echo "Stopping ..."if [ -n $REDISPWD ]; then$CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT -a $REDISPWD shutdownelse$CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT shutdownfiwhile [ -x /proc/${PID} ]doecho "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."sleep 1doneecho "Redis stopped"fi;;
    *)echo "Please use start or stop as first argument";;esac

使用脚本启动服务测试

➜  ./redis_6379 start# 检查是否启动成功➜  ps -ef | grep redisroot     19262     1  0 01:42 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379root     19267 19129  0 01:43 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis# 客户端连接测试➜  redis-cli127.0.0.1:6379> KEYS *(error) NOAUTH Authentication required.127.0.0.1:6379> auth pwd2019OK127.0.0.1:6379> KEYS *(empty list or set)127.0.0.1:6379> exit➜  # 停止服务➜  ./redis_6379 stop

6. 加入开机自启动

# 使用 root 用户操作# 添加到自启动列表# 这里的 redis_6379 与 /etc/init.d/redis_6379 文件名保持一致➜  chkconfig --add redis_6379# 将 2 3 4 5 级别设置为自启动➜  chkconfig --level 2345 redis_6379 on# 检查是否设置成功➜  chkconfig --list | grep redis# 重启检查自启动是否生效➜  reboot

在 CentOS7+ 建议使用 systemctl 命令对 Redis 服务进行统一管理，如下：

# 查看服务状态➜  systemctl status redis_6379● redis_6379.service - LSB: Redis data structure server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis_6379; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2019-11-11 02:21:03 UTC; 3s ago Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 1042 ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis_6379 stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 1056 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis_6379 start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   CGroup: /system.slice/redis_6379.service   └─1058 /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379Nov 11 02:21:03 cnetos7-localhost systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Redis data structure server...Nov 11 02:21:03 cnetos7-localhost redis_6379[1056]: Starting Redis server...Nov 11 02:21:03 cnetos7-localhost redis_6379[1056]: 1057:C 11 Nov 2019 02:21:03.594 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Re...0OoNov 11 02:21:03 cnetos7-localhost redis_6379[1056]: 1057:C 11 Nov 2019 02:21:03.594 # Redis version=5....tedNov 11 02:21:03 cnetos7-localhost redis_6379[1056]: 1057:C 11 Nov 2019 02:21:03.594 # Configuration loadedNov 11 02:21:03 cnetos7-localhost systemd[1]: Started LSB: Redis data structure server.Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.# 启动服务➜  systemctl start redis_6379# 关闭服务➜  systemctl stop redis_6379

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