vue3에서 createApp을 사용하는 방법

함수 정의

createApp 함수는 packages/runtime-dom/src/index.ts

export const createApp = ((...args) => {
  const app = ensureRenderer().createApp(...args)
 
  if (__DEV__) {
    injectNativeTagCheck(app)
    injectCompilerOptionsCheck(app)
  }
 
  const { mount } = app
  app.mount = (containerOrSelector: Element | ShadowRoot | string): any => {
    const container = normalizeContainer(containerOrSelector)
    if (!container) return
 
    const component = app._component
    if (!isFunction(component) && !component.render && !component.template) {
      // __UNSAFE__
      // Reason: potential execution of JS expressions in in-DOM template.
      // The user must make sure the in-DOM template is trusted. If it's
      // rendered by the server, the template should not contain any user data.
      component.template = container.innerHTML
      // 2.x compat check
      if (__COMPAT__ && __DEV__) {
        for (let i = 0; i < container.attributes.length; i++) {
          const attr = container.attributes[i]
          if (attr.name !== &#39;v-cloak&#39; && /^(v-|:|@)/.test(attr.name)) {
            compatUtils.warnDeprecation(
              DeprecationTypes.GLOBAL_MOUNT_CONTAINER,
              null
            )
            break
          }
        }
      }
    }
 
    // clear content before mounting
    container.innerHTML = &#39;&#39;
    const proxy = mount(container, false, container instanceof SVGElement)
    if (container instanceof Element) {
      container.removeAttribute(&#39;v-cloak&#39;)
      container.setAttribute(&#39;data-v-app&#39;, &#39;&#39;)
    }
    return proxy
  }
 
  return app
}) as CreateAppFunction<Element>

파일에 정의되어 있습니다.(1) 먼저 App 객체를 생성합니다

(2) app 객체에서 마운트 메소드를 꺼내서 다시 작성합니다. 마운트 방법

• 먼저 NormalizeContainer 함수를 호출하여 컨테이너 노드를 가져옵니다

• 컨테이너의 innerHTML을 지웁니다

• 원래 마운트 방법을 호출

ensureRenderer

그 기능은 createRenderer를 호출하여

function ensureRenderer() {
  return (
    renderer ||
    (renderer = createRenderer<Node, Element | ShadowRoot>(rendererOptions))
  )
}

ensureRenderer로 정의되고, createRenderer 함수는 packages/runtime-core/src/renderer.ts 파일에 정의됩니다.

export function createRenderer<
  HostNode = RendererNode,
  HostElement = RendererElement
>(options: RendererOptions<HostNode, HostElement>) {
  return baseCreateRenderer<HostNode, HostElement>(options)
}

결국 baseCreateRenderer가 호출되어

return {
    render,
    hydrate,
    createApp: createAppAPI(render, hydrate)
  }

createAppAPI

createAppAPI 함수가 반환됩니다. packages/runtime-core/src/apiCreateApp.ts 파일에 정의되어 있으며, 해당 반환 함수

return function createApp(rootComponent, rootProps = null)

mount

packages/runtime-core/src/apiCreateApp.ts 파일

mount(
        rootContainer: HostElement,
        isHydrate?: boolean,
        isSVG?: boolean
      ): any {
        if (!isMounted) {
          const vnode = createVNode(
            rootComponent as ConcreteComponent,
            rootProps
          )
          // store app context on the root VNode.
          // this will be set on the root instance on initial mount.
          vnode.appContext = context
 
          // HMR root reload
          if (__DEV__) {
            context.reload = () => {
              render(cloneVNode(vnode), rootContainer, isSVG)
            }
          }
 
          if (isHydrate && hydrate) {
            hydrate(vnode as VNode<Node, Element>, rootContainer as any)
          } else {
            render(vnode, rootContainer, isSVG)
          }
          isMounted = true
          app._container = rootContainer
          // for devtools and telemetry
          ;(rootContainer as any).__vue_app__ = app
 
          if (__DEV__ || __FEATURE_PROD_DEVTOOLS__) {
            app._instance = vnode.component
            devtoolsInitApp(app, version)
          }
 
          return vnode.component!.proxy
        } else if (__DEV__) {
          warn(
            `App has already been mounted.\n` +
              `If you want to remount the same app, move your app creation logic ` +
              `into a factory function and create fresh app instances for each ` +
              `mount - e.g. \`const createMyApp = () => createApp(App)\``
          )
        }
      }

(1)에 정의되어 있습니다. createVNode를 사용하여 가상 노드를 생성합니다

(2) vnode 렌더링을 구현하기 위해 render 함수를 호출합니다. render 함수는 baseCreateRenderer 함수가 createAppAPI를 반환하고 호출할 때 전달되는 매개 변수 중 하나입니다. 이 함수는 packages/runtime-core/src/renderer.ts 파일에 정의되어 있습니다. /src/renderer.ts 파일에서

// implementation
function baseCreateRenderer(
  options: RendererOptions,
  createHydrationFns?: typeof createHydrationFunctions
): any {
    ....
  const render: RootRenderFunction = (vnode, container, isSVG) => {
    if (vnode == null) {
      if (container._vnode) {
        unmount(container._vnode, null, null, true)
      }
    } else {
      patch(container._vnode || null, vnode, container, null, null, null, isSVG)
    }
    flushPostFlushCbs()
    container._vnode = vnode
  }
 .....
}

는 이전 및 새 가상 노드 n1과 n2를 비교합니다. n1이 비어 있으면 노드를 마운트하고, 그렇지 않으면 노드를 업데이트합니다. 이때 n1이 비어 있으면 mountComponent를 실행하여 노드를 마운트합니다.

mountComponent

함수는 packages/runtime-core/src/renderer.ts 파일에 정의되어 있습니다

const patch: PatchFn = (
    n1,
    n2,
    container,
    anchor = null,
    parentComponent = null,
    parentSuspense = null,
    isSVG = false,
    slotScopeIds = null,
    optimized = __DEV__ && isHmrUpdating ? false : !!n2.dynamicChildren
  ) => {
    // patching & not same type, unmount old tree
    if (n1 && !isSameVNodeType(n1, n2)) {
      anchor = getNextHostNode(n1)
      unmount(n1, parentComponent, parentSuspense, true)
      n1 = null
    }
 
    if (n2.patchFlag === PatchFlags.BAIL) {
      optimized = false
      n2.dynamicChildren = null
    }
 
    const { type, ref, shapeFlag } = n2
    switch (type) {
      case Text:
        processText(n1, n2, container, anchor)
        break
      case Comment:
        processCommentNode(n1, n2, container, anchor)
        break
      case Static:
        if (n1 == null) {
          mountStaticNode(n2, container, anchor, isSVG)
        } else if (__DEV__) {
          patchStaticNode(n1, n2, container, isSVG)
        }
        break
      case Fragment:
        processFragment(
          n1,
          n2,
          container,
          anchor,
          parentComponent,
          parentSuspense,
          isSVG,
          slotScopeIds,
          optimized
        )
        break
      default:
        if (shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.ELEMENT) {
          processElement(
            n1,
            n2,
            container,
            anchor,
            parentComponent,
            parentSuspense,
            isSVG,
            slotScopeIds,
            optimized
          )
        } else if (shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.COMPONENT) {
          processComponent(
            n1,
            n2,
            container,
            anchor,
            parentComponent,
            parentSuspense,
            isSVG,
            slotScopeIds,
            optimized
          )
        } else if (shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.TELEPORT) {
          ;(type as typeof TeleportImpl).process(
            n1 as TeleportVNode,
            n2 as TeleportVNode,
            container,
            anchor,
            parentComponent,
            parentSuspense,
            isSVG,
            slotScopeIds,
            optimized,
            internals
          )
        } else if (__FEATURE_SUSPENSE__ && shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.SUSPENSE) {
          ;(type as typeof SuspenseImpl).process(
            n1,
            n2,
            container,
            anchor,
            parentComponent,
            parentSuspense,
            isSVG,
            slotScopeIds,
            optimized,
            internals
          )
        } else if (__DEV__) {
          warn('Invalid VNode type:', type, `(${typeof type})`)
        }
    }
 
    // set ref
    if (ref != null && parentComponent) {
      setRef(ref, n1 && n1.ref, parentSuspense, n2 || n1, !n2)
    }
  }
const patch: PatchFn = (
    n1,
    n2,
    container,
    anchor = null,
    parentComponent = null,
    parentSuspense = null,
    isSVG = false,
    slotScopeIds = null,
    optimized = __DEV__ && isHmrUpdating ? false : !!n2.dynamicChildren
  ) => {
    // patching & not same type, unmount old tree
    if (n1 && !isSameVNodeType(n1, n2)) {
      anchor = getNextHostNode(n1)
      unmount(n1, parentComponent, parentSuspense, true)
      n1 = null
    }
 
    if (n2.patchFlag === PatchFlags.BAIL) {
      optimized = false
      n2.dynamicChildren = null
    }
 
    const { type, ref, shapeFlag } = n2
    switch (type) {
      case Text:
        processText(n1, n2, container, anchor)
        break
      case Comment:
        processCommentNode(n1, n2, container, anchor)
        break
      case Static:
        if (n1 == null) {
          mountStaticNode(n2, container, anchor, isSVG)
        } else if (__DEV__) {
          patchStaticNode(n1, n2, container, isSVG)
        }
        break
      case Fragment:
        processFragment(
          n1,
          n2,
          container,
          anchor,
          parentComponent,
          parentSuspense,
          isSVG,
          slotScopeIds,
          optimized
        )
        break
      default:
        if (shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.ELEMENT) {
          processElement(
            n1,
            n2,
            container,
            anchor,
            parentComponent,
            parentSuspense,
            isSVG,
            slotScopeIds,
            optimized
          )
        } else if (shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.COMPONENT) {
          processComponent(
            n1,
            n2,
            container,
            anchor,
            parentComponent,
            parentSuspense,
            isSVG,
            slotScopeIds,
            optimized
          )
        } else if (shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.TELEPORT) {
          ;(type as typeof TeleportImpl).process(
            n1 as TeleportVNode,
            n2 as TeleportVNode,
            container,
            anchor,
            parentComponent,
            parentSuspense,
            isSVG,
            slotScopeIds,
            optimized,
            internals
          )
        } else if (__FEATURE_SUSPENSE__ && shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.SUSPENSE) {
          ;(type as typeof SuspenseImpl).process(
            n1,
            n2,
            container,
            anchor,
            parentComponent,
            parentSuspense,
            isSVG,
            slotScopeIds,
            optimized,
            internals
          )
        } else if (__DEV__) {
          warn('Invalid VNode type:', type, `(${typeof type})`)
        }
    }
 
    // set ref
    if (ref != null && parentComponent) {
      setRef(ref, n1 && n1.ref, parentSuspense, n2 || n1, !n2)
    }
  }

실행 프로세스는

(1) 첫 번째 호출 createComponentInstance 컴포넌트를 생성합니다 인스턴스 객체

(2) setupComponent를 호출하여 속성 및 슬롯 속성을 초기화합니다

(3) 설정 및 렌더링에 부작용이 있는 setupRenderEffect 함수를 호출하며 주로 ReactiveEffect의 run 메소드를 실행하여 componentUpdateFn을 실행합니다. queueJob을 예약합니다.

setupRenderEffect

함수는 packages/runtime-core/src/renderer.ts 파일에 정의되어 있습니다. 핵심은 해당 파일에 정의된 componentUpdateFn 함수입니다.

const processComponent = (
    n1: VNode | null,
    n2: VNode,
    container: RendererElement,
    anchor: RendererNode | null,
    parentComponent: ComponentInternalInstance | null,
    parentSuspense: SuspenseBoundary | null,
    isSVG: boolean,
    slotScopeIds: string[] | null,
    optimized: boolean
  ) => {
    n2.slotScopeIds = slotScopeIds
    if (n1 == null) {
      if (n2.shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.COMPONENT_KEPT_ALIVE) {
        ;(parentComponent!.ctx as KeepAliveContext).activate(
          n2,
          container,
          anchor,
          isSVG,
          optimized
        )
      } else {
        mountComponent(
          n2,
          container,
          anchor,
          parentComponent,
          parentSuspense,
          isSVG,
          optimized
        )
      }
    } else {
      updateComponent(n1, n2, optimized)
    }
  }

구성 요소가 마운트되지 않은 경우 마운트해야 합니다. 그리고 탑재 후 다운로드가 완료된 후 구성 요소의 isMounted 속성을 true로 설정하여 구성 요소가 성공적으로 탑재되었음을 나타냅니다. 이미 마운트된 경우 구성 요소를 업데이트합니다.

패치 함수를 반복적으로 호출하여 구성 요소를 마운트합니다

processFragment

함수는 packages/runtime-core/src/renderer.ts 파일에 정의되어 있습니다

const mountComponent: MountComponentFn = (
    initialVNode,
    container,
    anchor,
    parentComponent,
    parentSuspense,
    isSVG,
    optimized
  ) => {
    // 2.x compat may pre-creaate the component instance before actually
    // mounting
    const compatMountInstance =
      __COMPAT__ && initialVNode.isCompatRoot && initialVNode.component
    const instance: ComponentInternalInstance =
      compatMountInstance ||
      (initialVNode.component = createComponentInstance(
        initialVNode,
        parentComponent,
        parentSuspense
      ))
 
    // inject renderer internals for keepAlive
    if (isKeepAlive(initialVNode)) {
      ;(instance.ctx as KeepAliveContext).renderer = internals
    }
 
    // resolve props and slots for setup context
    if (!(__COMPAT__ && compatMountInstance)) {
      setupComponent(instance)
    }
 
    // setup() is async. This component relies on async logic to be resolved
    // before proceeding
    if (__FEATURE_SUSPENSE__ && instance.asyncDep) {
      parentSuspense && parentSuspense.registerDep(instance, setupRenderEffect)
 
      // Give it a placeholder if this is not hydration
      // TODO handle self-defined fallback
      if (!initialVNode.el) {
        const placeholder = (instance.subTree = createVNode(Comment))
        processCommentNode(null, placeholder, container!, anchor)
      }
      return
    }
 
    setupRenderEffect(
      instance,
      initialVNode,
      container,
      anchor,
      parentSuspense,
      isSVG,
      optimized
    )
  }

(1) n1이 비어 있으면 mountChildren을 실행합니다

( 2) 그렇지 않으면 patchChildren을 실행

mountChildren

함수는 packages/runtime-core/src/renderer.ts 파일에 정의되어 있습니다

const componentUpdateFn = () => {
      if (!instance.isMounted) {
        let vnodeHook: VNodeHook | null | undefined
        const { el, props } = initialVNode
        const { bm, m, parent } = instance
 
        effect.allowRecurse = false
        // beforeMount hook
        if (bm) {
          invokeArrayFns(bm)
        }
        // onVnodeBeforeMount
        if ((vnodeHook = props && props.onVnodeBeforeMount)) {
          invokeVNodeHook(vnodeHook, parent, initialVNode)
        }
        if (
          __COMPAT__ &&
          isCompatEnabled(DeprecationTypes.INSTANCE_EVENT_HOOKS, instance)
        ) {
          instance.emit('hook:beforeMount')
        }
        effect.allowRecurse = true
 
        if (el && hydrateNode) {
          // vnode has adopted host node - perform hydration instead of mount.
          const hydrateSubTree = () => {
    
            instance.subTree = renderComponentRoot(instance)
            
            hydrateNode!(
              el as Node,
              instance.subTree,
              instance,
              parentSuspense,
              null
            )
            
          }
 
          if (isAsyncWrapper(initialVNode)) {
            (initialVNode.type as ComponentOptions).__asyncLoader!().then(
              // note: we are moving the render call into an async callback,
              // which means it won't track dependencies - but it's ok because
              // a server-rendered async wrapper is already in resolved state
              // and it will never need to change.
              () => !instance.isUnmounted && hydrateSubTree()
            )
          } else {
            hydrateSubTree()
          }
        } else {
          
          const subTree = (instance.subTree = renderComponentRoot(instance))
         
          patch(
            null,
            subTree,
            container,
            anchor,
            instance,
            parentSuspense,
            isSVG
          )
          
          initialVNode.el = subTree.el
        }
        // mounted hook
        if (m) {
          queuePostRenderEffect(m, parentSuspense)
        }
        // onVnodeMounted
        if ((vnodeHook = props && props.onVnodeMounted)) {
          const scopedInitialVNode = initialVNode
          queuePostRenderEffect(
            () => invokeVNodeHook(vnodeHook!, parent, scopedInitialVNode),
            parentSuspense
          )
        }
        if (
          __COMPAT__ &&
          isCompatEnabled(DeprecationTypes.INSTANCE_EVENT_HOOKS, instance)
        ) {
          queuePostRenderEffect(
            () => instance.emit('hook:mounted'),
            parentSuspense
          )
        }
 
        // activated hook for keep-alive roots.
        // #1742 activated hook must be accessed after first render
        // since the hook may be injected by a child keep-alive
        if (initialVNode.shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.COMPONENT_SHOULD_KEEP_ALIVE) {
          instance.a && queuePostRenderEffect(instance.a, parentSuspense)
          if (
            __COMPAT__ &&
            isCompatEnabled(DeprecationTypes.INSTANCE_EVENT_HOOKS, instance)
          ) {
            queuePostRenderEffect(
              () => instance.emit('hook:activated'),
              parentSuspense
            )
          }
        }
        instance.isMounted = true
        // #2458: deference mount-only object parameters to prevent memleaks
        initialVNode = container = anchor = null as any
      } else {
        // updateComponent
        // This is triggered by mutation of component's own state (next: null)
        // OR parent calling processComponent (next: VNode)
        let { next, bu, u, parent, vnode } = instance
        let originNext = next
        let vnodeHook: VNodeHook | null | undefined
 
        if (next) {
          next.el = vnode.el
          updateComponentPreRender(instance, next, optimized)
        } else {
          next = vnode
        }
 
        // Disallow component effect recursion during pre-lifecycle hooks.
        effect.allowRecurse = false
        // beforeUpdate hook
        if (bu) {
          invokeArrayFns(bu)
        }
        // onVnodeBeforeUpdate
        if ((vnodeHook = next.props && next.props.onVnodeBeforeUpdate)) {
          invokeVNodeHook(vnodeHook, parent, next, vnode)
        }
        if (
          __COMPAT__ &&
          isCompatEnabled(DeprecationTypes.INSTANCE_EVENT_HOOKS, instance)
        ) {
          instance.emit('hook:beforeUpdate')
        }
        effect.allowRecurse = true
 
        // render
        const nextTree = renderComponentRoot(instance)
        const prevTree = instance.subTree
        instance.subTree = nextTree
        patch(
          prevTree,
          nextTree,
          // parent may have changed if it's in a teleport
          hostParentNode(prevTree.el!)!,
          // anchor may have changed if it's in a fragment
          getNextHostNode(prevTree),
          instance,
          parentSuspense,
          isSVG
        )
     
        next.el = nextTree.el
        if (originNext === null) {
          // self-triggered update. In case of HOC, update parent component
          // vnode el. HOC is indicated by parent instance's subTree pointing
          // to child component's vnode
          updateHOCHostEl(instance, nextTree.el)
        }
        // updated hook
        if (u) {
          queuePostRenderEffect(u, parentSuspense)
        }
        // onVnodeUpdated
        if ((vnodeHook = next.props && next.props.onVnodeUpdated)) {
          queuePostRenderEffect(
            () => invokeVNodeHook(vnodeHook!, parent, next!, vnode),
            parentSuspense
          )
        }
        if (
          __COMPAT__ &&
          isCompatEnabled(DeprecationTypes.INSTANCE_EVENT_HOOKS, instance)
        ) {
          queuePostRenderEffect(
            () => instance.emit('hook:updated'),
            parentSuspense
          )
        }
      }
    }

Traverse children, patch를 실행하여 모든 하위 요소를 마운트합니다

processElement

함수는 다음에서 정의됩니다. packages/runtime-core/ src/renderer.ts 파일에서

const processFragment = (
    n1: VNode | null,
    n2: VNode,
    container: RendererElement,
    anchor: RendererNode | null,
    parentComponent: ComponentInternalInstance | null,
    parentSuspense: SuspenseBoundary | null,
    isSVG: boolean,
    slotScopeIds: string[] | null,
    optimized: boolean
  ) => {
    const fragmentStartAnchor = (n2.el = n1 ? n1.el : hostCreateText(''))!
    const fragmentEndAnchor = (n2.anchor = n1 ? n1.anchor : hostCreateText(''))!
 
    let { patchFlag, dynamicChildren, slotScopeIds: fragmentSlotScopeIds } = n2
    if (dynamicChildren) {
      optimized = true
    }
 
    // check if this is a slot fragment with :slotted scope ids
    if (fragmentSlotScopeIds) {
      slotScopeIds = slotScopeIds
        ? slotScopeIds.concat(fragmentSlotScopeIds)
        : fragmentSlotScopeIds
    }
 
    if (n1 == null) {
      hostInsert(fragmentStartAnchor, container, anchor)
      hostInsert(fragmentEndAnchor, container, anchor)
      // a fragment can only have array children
      // since they are either generated by the compiler, or implicitly created
      // from arrays.
      mountChildren(
        n2.children as VNodeArrayChildren,
        container,
        fragmentEndAnchor,
        parentComponent,
        parentSuspense,
        isSVG,
        slotScopeIds,
        optimized
      )
    } else {
      if (
        patchFlag > 0 &&
        patchFlag & PatchFlags.STABLE_FRAGMENT &&
        dynamicChildren &&
        // #2715 the previous fragment could've been a BAILed one as a result
        // of renderSlot() with no valid children
        n1.dynamicChildren
      ) {
        // a stable fragment (template root or <template v-for>) doesn&#39;t need to
        // patch children order, but it may contain dynamicChildren.
        patchBlockChildren(
          n1.dynamicChildren,
          dynamicChildren,
          container,
          parentComponent,
          parentSuspense,
          isSVG,
          slotScopeIds
        )
        if (__DEV__ && parentComponent && parentComponent.type.__hmrId) {
          traverseStaticChildren(n1, n2)
        } else if (
          // #2080 if the stable fragment has a key, it&#39;s a <template v-for> that may
          //  get moved around. Make sure all root level vnodes inherit el.
          // #2134 or if it&#39;s a component root, it may also get moved around
          // as the component is being moved.
          n2.key != null ||
          (parentComponent && n2 === parentComponent.subTree)
        ) {
          traverseStaticChildren(n1, n2, true /* shallow */)
        }
      } else {
        // keyed / unkeyed, or manual fragments.
        // for keyed & unkeyed, since they are compiler generated from v-for,
        // each child is guaranteed to be a block so the fragment will never
        // have dynamicChildren.
        patchChildren(
          n1,
          n2,
          container,
          fragmentEndAnchor,
          parentComponent,
          parentSuspense,
          isSVG,
          slotScopeIds,
          optimized
        )
      }
    }
  }

(1) n1이 비어 있으면 mountElement를 호출하여 요소를 마운트합니다

(2) n1이 비어 있지 않으면 patchElement를 호출하여 요소를 업데이트합니다

이때 마운트 요소를 실행합니다.

mountElement

함수는 packages/runtime-core/src/renderer.ts 파일에 정의되어 있습니다

  const mountChildren: MountChildrenFn = (
    children,
    container,
    anchor,
    parentComponent,
    parentSuspense,
    isSVG,
    slotScopeIds,
    optimized,
    start = 0
  ) => {
    for (let i = start; i < children.length; i++) {
      const child = (children[i] = optimized
        ? cloneIfMounted(children[i] as VNode)
        : normalizeVNode(children[i]))
      patch(
        null,
        child,
        container,
        anchor,
        parentComponent,
        parentSuspense,
        isSVG,
        slotScopeIds,
        optimized
      )
    }
  }

(1) 호스트CreateElement를 호출하여 유형 및 기타 속성을 기반으로 DOM 요소 노드를 생성합니다

(2) 결정 하위 노드의 유형, 하위 노드가 일반 텍스트인 경우 일반 텍스트 hostSetElementText가 직접 처리됩니다. 하위 노드가 배열인 경우 mountChildren 함수가 호출되어 하위 노드를 심층적으로 탐색합니다.

(3) props 처리 주로 hostPatchProp 및 setScopeId를 호출하는 속성

(4) el에 대한 hostInsert 호출이 컨테이너에 마운트됩니다

위 내용은 vue3에서 createApp을 사용하는 방법의 상세 내용입니다. 자세한 내용은 PHP 중국어 웹사이트의 기타 관련 기사를 참조하세요!