Silverlight通过httpBinding访问IIS宿主WCF

2016-06-07 15:11 1444浏览原创

silverlight和wcf通信是大家开发中用得相对较多的东西，我以Silverlight 通过 httpBinding 访问 IIS 宿主 WCF 来简单介绍一下。 Silverlight 通过 httpBiding方式访问 IIS 宿主 WCF是我们在Silverlight与WCF通信中最为常见的，也是用的最多的，我们用个很简

silverlight和wcf通信是大家开发中用得相对较多的东西，我以Silverlight通过httpBinding访问IIS宿主WCF 来简单介绍一下。

silverlight通过httpbiding方式访问iis宿主wcf是我们在silverlight与wcf通信中最为常见的，也是用的最多的，我们用个很简单的例子进行演示。

项目结构:

项目目结构简单说明：

程序集名称	需添加的引用	简要说明
LxContracts	System.Runtime.Serialization System.ServiceModel	用于存放操作契约与数据契约
LxServices	LxContracts[项目]	服务，操作契约的实现
WcfHost.web	LxContracts[项目] 和LxServices[项目]	利用Svc文件发布服务的站点
SilverlightDemo		Silverlight程序，调用WCF服务

注意：建立Silverlight程序的时候，不需要承载网站，建立一个单一的Silverlight程序即可，这样做的原因是，把Silverlight和WCF服务不放到同一个站点下面，是为了演示跨域的问题。

代码实现:

类库LxContracts：（包括数据契约Student.cs和操作契约IStudent.cs）

Student.cs 代码

<table width="620" align="center" border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"  >
	  <tr>
		<td width="464" height="27" bgcolor="#FFE7CE"> 代码如下</td>
		<td width="109" align="center" bgcolor="#FFE7CE" >复制代码</td>
	  </tr>
	  <tr>
		<td height="auto" colspan="2" valign="top" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" ><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">using<span> System;
</span>using<span> System.Collections.Generic;
</span>using<span> System.Linq;
</span>using<span> System.Text;
</span>using<span> System.ServiceModel;
</span>using<span> System.Runtime.Serialization;

</span>namespace<span> LxContracts
{
    [DataContract]
    </span>public class<span> Student
    {
        </span>/// <summary>
        ///<span> 学生编号
        </span>/// </summary>
<span>        [DataMember]
        </span>public int StuId { get; set<span>; }

        </span>/// <summary>
        ///<span> 学生姓名
        </span>/// </summary>
<span>        [DataMember]
        </span>public string StuName { get; set<span>; }

        </span>/// <summary>
        ///<span> 所在班级
        </span>/// </summary>
<span>        [DataMember]
        </span>public string ClassName { get; set<span>; }

        </span>/// <summary>
        ///<span> 联系电话
        </span>/// </summary>
<span>        [DataMember]
        </span>public string TelPhoneNum { get; set<span>; }
    }
}</span>

Student.cs 代码

<table width="620" align="center" border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"  >
	  <tr>
		<td width="464" height="27" bgcolor="#FFE7CE"> 代码如下</td>
		<td width="109" align="center" bgcolor="#FFE7CE" >复制代码</td>
	  </tr>
	  <tr>
		<td height="auto" colspan="2" valign="top" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" ><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">using<span> System;
</span>using<span> System.Collections.Generic;
</span>using<span> System.Linq;
</span>using<span> System.Text;
</span>using<span> System.Runtime.Serialization;
</span>using<span> System.ServiceModel;

</span>namespace<span> LxContracts
{
    [ServiceContract]
    </span>public interface<span> IStudent
    {
        [OperationContract]
        List</span><Student><span> GetStudent();
    }
}</span>

类库LxServices：（改类库包括一个模仿获取数据库集合类StudentList.cs和服务类StudentService.cs）

StudentList.cs

<table width="620" align="center" border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"  >
	  <tr>
		<td width="464" height="27" bgcolor="#FFE7CE"> 代码如下</td>
		<td width="109" align="center" bgcolor="#FFE7CE" >复制代码</td>
	  </tr>
	  <tr>
		<td height="auto" colspan="2" valign="top" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" ><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">using<span> System;
</span>using<span> System.Collections.Generic;
</span>using<span> System.Linq;
</span>using<span> System.Text;
</span>using<span> LxContracts;

</span>namespace<span> LxServices
{
    </span>public class StudentList:List<Student><span>
    {
        </span>public<span> StudentList()
        {
            </span>this.Add(new Student() { StuId = 1, StuName = "小明", ClassName = "计算机一班", TelPhoneNum = "123456"<span> });
            </span>this.Add(new Student() { StuId = 2, StuName = "小红", ClassName = "计算机二班", TelPhoneNum = "234567"<span> });
            </span>this.Add(new Student() { StuId = 2, StuName = "小兰", ClassName = "计算机三班", TelPhoneNum = "890123"<span> });
        }
    }
}</span>

StudentService 代码

<table width="620" align="center" border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"  >
	  <tr>
		<td width="464" height="27" bgcolor="#FFE7CE"> 代码如下</td>
		<td width="109" align="center" bgcolor="#FFE7CE" >复制代码</td>
	  </tr>
	  <tr>
		<td height="auto" colspan="2" valign="top" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" ><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">using<span> System;
</span>using<span> System.Collections.Generic;
</span>using<span> System.Linq;
</span>using<span> System.Text;

</span>using<span> LxContracts;

</span>namespace<span> LxServices
{
    </span>public class<span> StudentService:IStudent
    {
        </span>public List<Student><span> GetStudent()
        {
            </span>//<span>实际情况应该为从数据库读取
            </span>//本例手动生成一个StudentList
            StudentList ListStuent = new<span> StudentList();
            </span>return<span> ListStuent;
        }
    }
}</span>

站点WcfHost.web

站点WcfHost.web，这是一个Asp.net 空web应用程序。

1、右击” WcfHost.web”—“添加”—“新建项”—“wcf服务”，命名为”StudentSrv.svc” 。如图：

在项目中删除”StudentSrv.svc.cs”文件和”IStudentSrv.cs”文件。右击”StudentSrv.svc”文件，选择”查看标记”，将代码修改为:

<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Service="LxServices.StudentService" %>

2、修改webconfig 文件，代码如下:

WebConfig

<table width="620" align="center" border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"  >
	  <tr>
		<td width="464" height="27" bgcolor="#FFE7CE"> 代码如下</td>
		<td width="109" align="center" bgcolor="#FFE7CE" >复制代码</td>
	  </tr>
	  <tr>
		<td height="auto" colspan="2" valign="top" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" ><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="LxBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <services>
      <service name="LxServices.StudentService" behaviorConfiguration="LxBehavior">
        <endpoint address="" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="LxContracts.IStudent" />
      </service>
    </services>
    <!--关闭 ASP.NET 兼容性模式-->
    <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="false"/>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

注意：endpoint中的address 为空：因为svc文件的地址就是元数据发布的地址。

3、右击”StudentSrv.svc”文件，在”浏览器中查看”，显示如下图，说明服务已经部署好了，我用的端口是 9090：

在Silverlight中进行调用：

Silverlight调用wcf很简单，直接在”SilverlightDemo”中添加”服务引用即可”，Silverlight项目中会自动生成” ServiceReferences.ClientConfig”配置文件，当然也可以利用代码的方式调用，但是我比较懒：）。

1、为Silverlight程序添加WCF：

“右击”—“SiverlightDemo”—“添加服务引用”—“输入服务地址”（我的是http://localhost:9090/WCF/StudentSrv.svc）--点击“前往”，就会找到服务，命名为“WCF.StudentSrv”后，点击“确定”

2、在Silverlight中调用WCF：

MainPage.xaml中添加”DataGrid”控件，xaml代码如下：

MainPage.xaml 代码

<table width="620" align="center" border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"  >
	  <tr>
		<td width="464" height="27" bgcolor="#FFE7CE"> 代码如下</td>
		<td width="109" align="center" bgcolor="#FFE7CE" >复制代码</td>
	  </tr>
	  <tr>
		<td height="auto" colspan="2" valign="top" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" ><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"><sdk:DataGrid x:Name="dgStudnet" Grid.Row="0" AutoGenerateColumns="False">
            <sdk:DataGrid.Columns>
                <sdk:DataGridTextColumn Header="学生编号" Width="80" Binding="{Binding StuId}" />
                <sdk:DataGridTextColumn Header="学生姓名" Width="100" Binding="{Binding StuName}" />
                <sdk:DataGridTextColumn Header="所在班级" Width="120" Binding="{Binding ClassName}" />
                <sdk:DataGridTextColumn Header="电话号码" Width="100" Binding="{Binding TelPhoneNum}" />
            </sdk:DataGrid.Columns>
        </sdk:DataGrid>

MainPage.cs 代码

<table width="620" align="center" border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"  >
	  <tr>
		<td width="464" height="27" bgcolor="#FFE7CE"> 代码如下</td>
		<td width="109" align="center" bgcolor="#FFE7CE" >复制代码</td>
	  </tr>
	  <tr>
		<td height="auto" colspan="2" valign="top" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" ><p><p id="cnblogs_code_open_ec68834b-0041-487f-9828-423fb09754dc"><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">public partial class<span> MainPage : UserControl
    {
        ObservableCollection</span><Student><span> listStudent;
        </span>public<span> MainPage()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            listStudent </span>= new ObservableCollection<Student><span>();
            </span>this.Loaded += new<span> RoutedEventHandler(MainPage_Loaded);
        }

        </span>void MainPage_Loaded(object<span> sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            StudentClient proxyClient </span>= new<span> StudentClient();
            proxyClient.GetStudentAsync();
            proxyClient.GetStudentCompleted </span>+= new EventHandler<GetStudentCompletedEventArgs><span>(proxyClient_GetStudentCompleted);
        }

        </span>void proxyClient_GetStudentCompleted(object<span> sender, GetStudentCompletedEventArgs e)
        {
            </span>if (e.Error == null<span>)
            {
                listStudent </span>=<span> e.Result;
                </span>this.dgStudnet.ItemsSource =<span> listStudent;
            }
        }
    }</span>

运行结果：

将” SilverlightDemo”设置为启动项目，运行，会产生下面的异常：

这就是因为当时建立项目的时候没有把Silverlight程序和WCF服务放到同一个站点的缘故，因此需要在发布WCF的网站根目录放置一个跨域文件：clientaccesspolicy.xml

clientaccesspolicy.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<access-policy>
  <cross-domain-access>
    <policy>
      <allow-from http-request-headers="SOAPAction">
        <domain uri="*"/>
      </allow-from>
      <grant-to>
        <resource path="/" include-subpaths="true"/>
      </grant-to>
    </policy>
  </cross-domain-access>
</access-policy>

再次运行，结果如下图所示：