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HomeBackend DevelopmentPython TutorialJava 和 Python 有哪些区别?

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面向市场不同,看公司人员情况,公司大,项目大,人多,流动大,就Java,因为规范,老人走了新人容易接手。
公司小,人少,项目小,员工积极,不经常换人,就python,这样项目进度噌噌的。 Java 是高级语言(High-level programming language),Python 是非常高级语言(very-high-level language [1])。
[1]: docs.python.org/tutoria JAVA 引入包后,调用包的方式比 Python 要简洁些,而 Python 直接 import 包则是显式的,不会出现同名模块/类冲突的问题,如果使用“from module import function”的话,在使用的时候也很简洁却要求必须有针对性地引用函数。
JAVA 里的块用大括号对包括,Python 以冒号 + 四个空格缩进表示。
JAVA 的类型要声明,Python 的类型不需要。
JAVA 基本上是类/结构操作,也就是面向对象处理,Python 可以以独立的函数模块来处理逻辑而不需要放到类中。
JAVA 每行语句以分号结束,Python 可以不写分号。
JAVA 中的字符串以双引号括起来,Python 中单引号或双引号都可以(与 JavaScript 一样)。
实现同一功能时,JAVA 要敲的键盘次数一般要比 Python 多。

... ... Python也是强类型。
强弱类型不是指是否需要定义,而是是一旦类型决定了,是否能随便转换。

Java和Python的区别是静态类型和动态类型,静态类型必须先声明再使用,动态则不需要声明。 我说一条: 学完Python之后的人应该大都不会喜欢学习Java的...
  • Python语法更简洁
一个完整的Python HelloWorld程序只要一行代码:
print("Hello World")
Appeared in 1995
Appeared in 1991 大括号和结尾逗号 我还是比较习惯有的。。。 这算是问题么。。 区别
一、python虚拟机没有java强,java虚拟机是java的核心,python的核心是可以很方便地使用c语言函数或c++库。

二、python是全动态性的,可以在运行时自己修改自己的代码,java只能通过变通方法实现。python的变量是动态的,而java的变量是静态的,需要事先声明,所以java ide的代码提示功能优于python ide。

三,python的产生几十年了,几十年前面向过程是主流,所以用python有好多程序用的是面向过程设计方法,很多概念从c语言过来的,class在python中是后加入的,而java是为了实现没有指针的c++(当年com组件用的引用记数,java用的虚拟机),主要采用面向对象的设计方法,很多概念是oop的概念。面向过程,相对简洁直观,但容易设计出面条程序,面向对象,相对抽象优雅,但容易过度抽象。

四,在实际使用的python入门简单,但要学会用python干活,需要再学习python各种库,pyhton的强大在于库,为什么python的库强大,原因是python的库可以用python,c语言,c++等设计,再提供给python使用,所以无论gpu运行,神经网络,智能算法,数据分析,图像处理,科学计算,各式各样的库在等着你用。而java没有python那么多的开源库,很多库是商业公司内部使用,或发布出来只是一个jar包,看不到原始代码。python虚拟机因为编译性没有java的支持的好(或者说故意这么设计的),一般直接使用源码(linux),或源码简单打个包(如pyexe)。

五、python有很多虚拟机实现,如cython,Pyston,pypy,jython, IronPython等等,适合用于业务语言,或插件语言,或面向领域语言,而java因为虚拟机巨大,很少用于插件语言,发布也不方便。

六、java主要用于商业逻辑强的领域,如商城系统,erp,oa,金融,保险等传统数据库事务领域,通过类似ssh框架事务代码,对商业数据库,如oralce,db2,sql server等支持较好,软件工程理念较强,适合软件工程式的多人开发模式。python主要用于web数据分析,科学计算,金融分析,信号分析,图像算法,数学计算,统计分析,算法建模,服务器运维,自动化操作,快速开发理念强,适合快速开发团队或个人敏捷模式。

七、java的商业化公司支持多,如sap,oracle,ibm等,有商业化的容器,中间件,企业框架ejb。python的开源组织支持多,如qt,linux,google,很多开源程序都支持python, 如pyqt,redis,spark等。

八、python用途最多的是脚本,java用途最多的是web,pyhotn是胶水,可以把各类不相关的东西粘在一起用,java是基佬,可以通过软件工程组成几百个人的团队和你pk,商业化气息重。不过我认为还是python强大,因为可以方便调用c或c++的库,但软件工程和商业化运作没有java好,适合快捷开发。

九,关于钱。

如果你想写程序卖软件用java,可用上ibm服务器,上oracle数据库,上EMC存储,价格高,商业采购公司喜欢这种高大上。如果你要直接用程序生成金钱用python,python可以实现宽客金融,数据回测,炒股,炒期权,炒黄金,炒比特币,对冲套利,统计套利,有很多开源库,数据分析库,机器学习库可以参考。

十、java和python,都可以运行于linux操作系统,但很多linux可以原生支持python,java需要自行安装。java和python强于c#的原因大于支持linux,支持osx,支持unix,支持arm。java和python比c++受欢迎的原因在于不需要指针。

十一、对于移动互联网,python只能通过运行库运行于安卓或ios,java原生支持安卓开发,但不能用ios中。

十二、对于大数据,hadoop用java开的, spark用Scala开发,用python调用spark再分析更方便。
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