sequence 序列
sequence(序列)是一组有顺序的元素的集合
(严格的说,是对象的集合,但鉴于我们还没有引入“对象”概念,暂时说元素)
序列可以包含一个或多个元素,也可以没有任何元素。
我们之前所说的基本数据类型,都可以作为序列的元素。元素还可以是另一个序列,以及我们以后要介绍的其他对象。
序列有两种:tuple(定值表; 也有翻译为元组) 和 list (表)
代码如下:
>>>s1 = (2, 1.3, 'love', 5.6, 9, 12, False) # s1是一个tuple
>>>s2 = [True, 5, 'smile'] # s2是一个list
>>>print s1,type(s1)
>>>print s2,type(s2)
tuple和list的主要区别在于,一旦建立,tuple的各个元素不可再变更,而list的各个元素可以再变更。
一个序列作为另一个序列的元素
代码如下:
>>>s3 = [1,[3,4,5]]
空序列
代码如下:
>>>s4 = []
元素的引用
序列元素的下标从0开始:
代码如下:
>>>print s1[0]
>>>print s2[2]
>>>print s3[1][2]
由于list的元素可变更,你可以对list的某个元素赋值:
代码如下:
>>>s2[1] = 3.0
>>>print s2
如果你对tuple做这样的操作,会得到错误提示。
所以,可以看到,序列的引用通过s[
其他引用方式
范围引用: 基本样式[下限:上限:步长]
代码如下:
>>>print s1[:5] # 从开始到下标4 (下标5的元素 不包括在内)
>>>print s1[2:] # 从下标2到最后
>>>print s1[0:5:2] # 从下标0到下标4 (下标5不包括在内),每隔2取一个元素 (下标为0,2,4的元素)
>>>print s1[2:0:-1] # 从下标2到下标1
从上面可以看到,在范围引用的时候,如果写明上限,那么这个上限本身不包括在内。
尾部元素引用
代码如下:
>>>print s1[-1] # 序列最后一个元素
>>>print s1[-3] # 序列倒数第三个元素
同样,如果s1[0:-1], 那么最后一个元素不会被引用 (再一次,不包括上限元素本身)
字符串是元组
字符串是一种特殊的元素,因此可以执行元组的相关操作。
代码如下:
>>>str = 'abcdef'
>>>print str[2:4]
总结
tuple元素不可变,list元素可变
序列的引用 s[2], s[1:8:2]
字符串是一种tuple

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Python is suitable for beginners and data science, and C is suitable for system programming and game development. 1. Python is simple and easy to use, suitable for data science and web development. 2.C provides high performance and control, suitable for game development and system programming. The choice should be based on project needs and personal interests.

Python is more suitable for data science and rapid development, while C is more suitable for high performance and system programming. 1. Python syntax is concise and easy to learn, suitable for data processing and scientific computing. 2.C has complex syntax but excellent performance and is often used in game development and system programming.

It is feasible to invest two hours a day to learn Python. 1. Learn new knowledge: Learn new concepts in one hour, such as lists and dictionaries. 2. Practice and exercises: Use one hour to perform programming exercises, such as writing small programs. Through reasonable planning and perseverance, you can master the core concepts of Python in a short time.

Python is easier to learn and use, while C is more powerful but complex. 1. Python syntax is concise and suitable for beginners. Dynamic typing and automatic memory management make it easy to use, but may cause runtime errors. 2.C provides low-level control and advanced features, suitable for high-performance applications, but has a high learning threshold and requires manual memory and type safety management.


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